Why are some foods healthier than others?

Starter Brain pop – Nutrition http://www.brainpop.com/health/nutrition/nutrition/

Keeping Healthy Lesson 1 Diet and Exercise Lesson Objectives: Describe a balanced diet. Recall nutrients and why our bodies need them. Explain the relationship between diet and exercise. Describe the health problems with being underweight or overweight.

Thinking About Your Food Write down everything you ate for dinner last night Can you take the components of your meals and organise them into one of the food groups? Do you think this was a balanced meal? Yes/no If no, how could you modify it? Draw and label a well balanced dinner meal. Explain why it counts as a balanced meal.

THIS IS A ROUGH GUIDE ONLY!!!!

What are the seven nutrients our bodies need? Carbohydrate Protein Fat Vitamins Minerals Fibre Water

WS: Nutrients How much do you remember about nutrients? Discuss with a partner and fill in as much about nutrients that you can remember IN PENCIL.

Nutrients

SUBSTANCE NEEDED EXAMPLES WHY IT’S NEEDED GOOD SOURCES Carbohydrate Starch, sugars To release energy (through respiration) Pasta, bread Protein x For growth and repair Meat, beans Vitamins Vitamin C Various reasons Citrus fruits Minerals Calcium Iron Formation of bones Forming red blood cells Dairy products Meats Fats Animal, vegetable Energy store and to keep warm (insulation) Olive oil, oily fish Fibre Cleans the intestines, prevents constipation Wholemeal bread Water Water is an important solvent in the body Drinks

Which nutrient(s) do you think it is most difficult to get enough of? Which nutrient do you think is most commonly lacking from people’s diets? Which nutrient(s) do you think it is easiest to eat too much of? Which nutrient do you think most people eat too much of?

HW: Extended Writing Practice Explain what a balanced diet is and why it is important. Describe how to have a balanced diet. Give an example of a balanced meal and explain why it is balanced.

Balanced diet contains all of the nutrients the body needs and in the correct amounts. If you do not have enough of the essential nutrients you can become malnourished. If you eat too much, you can become overweight and have heart problems. A balanced diet will have all of the essential nutrients; carbohydrates, protein, vitamins, minerals, fat, fibre, and water in the correct amounts. To eat a balanced diet a person needs to eat a variety of foods that provide all of the correct nutrients. Example: Grilled salmon (protein) with rice (carbohydrate and fibre), a side salad (vitamin and fibre), and a glass of milk (calcium and water).

Energy is NOT a nutrient. Which nutrients do we get energy from? Calcium, iron, fibre, vitamin D, potassium

Energy Food ______ energy. Our body breaks down food and _______ that energy through the process of ___________. Energy is measured in _______. 1 _______ (k_) = 1000 ______ (_)

Energy Food stores energy. Our body breaks down food and releases that energy through the process of respiration. Energy is measured in joules. 1 kilojoule (kJ) = 1000 joules (J)

Heart Rate and Breathing Rate Heart rate is the number of heartbeats per minute. Breathing rate is the number of breath per minute. We are going to do a short investigation of how heart rate and breathing rate are affected by exercise. Predict what will happen and explain WHY. Normal resting heart rate 70-100 bpm, females faster than males, athletes 40 bpm Normal breathing rate 12-16 bpm

Exercise and Energy What is the chemical equation for respiration? When we exercise our _________ cells require more ________ . This means the cells need to ________ faster. In order to do this our body needs to take in more _________. Our breathing rate __creases because… Our heart rate __creases because….

Exercise and Energy What is the chemical equation for respiration? When we exercise our muscle cells require more energy . This means the cells need to respire faster. In order to do this our body needs to take in more oxygen. Our breathing rate increases because… Our heart rate increases because….

Energy Questions Suggest why there might be a difference between the daily energy requirements of an average adult woman and a pregnant woman. Suggest why males generally need more energy per day than females. Predict how the energy requirements of an elderly man compare with that of an average adult man. Explain your answer. How do you think the energy requirements of an elderly man compare with those of an elderly woman? Explain your answer. Support the developing foetus as well as the mother They tend to be larger and have more muscle mass which uses more energy in respiration Elderly men are less mobile/active and use less energy Elderly women are usually smaller and have less muscle mass therefore lower energy demands

But EVERY person is different Every body has a different rate that it uses up energy. This is called the metabolic rate. What factors might affect metabolic rate? Gender Amount of muscle Amount of activity/exercise Inherited factors (genes)

Unused energy Where do we get energy from? What do we use energy for? What happens if we eat more energy than we use up? If energy from food is not used up, it is stored as fat. Too much can lead to health problems, such as heart disease.

Obesity Obesity is when a person is considered extremely overweight medically. What are the causes of obesity? What are the problems caused by obesity?

What are the causes of obesity? A diet too high in energy A sedentary (very little activity) lifestyle What are the problems caused by obesity? Heart disease Diabetes Arthritis

Cholesterol? Cholesterol is needed by the body, for your body to make cell membranes and hormones. HOWEVER, your body makes cholesterol naturally. There are also two different kinds of cholesterol. Eating fatty foods increases the amount of bad cholesterol and throws off the balance. This can lead to heart disease as fat deposits can block blood vessels.

Body Story 1:30 – 24:43 (23 minutes) While you watch the video answer the question: An unhealthy diet and lifestyle had what physical effects on John’s body? In what order? How many can you write down? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_-7e81rVd8#