P REPOSITIONS Definition: shows the relationship of a noun/pronoun to some other noun in the sentence. They are always part of a phrase. relationship Ex. The cat slept near the table. The cat slept on the table. The cat slept under the table.

T HE PREPOSITION YOU CHOOSE CAN CHANGE THE MEANING OF THE SENTENCE ! Example: Everything about the beach was wonderful. Beach= good Everything except the beach was wonderful. Beach = bad

C OMMON P REPOSITIONS *aboard*before*except *above*below*for *according to*beneath*from *across*beside *in addition to *against*between*inside *along*beyond*into *around*but (except)*like *as of*by*near *at*concerning*next to *because of *during*of *off*on*out *over*owing to*past *since*through*to *toward*underneath*until *upon*with

C OMPOUND P REPOSITIONS Definition: A preposition made up of more than one word. According toIn spite of As ofinstead of Aside fromnext to Because ofon account of By means ofout of In addition toowing to In front of prior to In place of

H OW TO TELL IF THE WORD IS A PREPOSITION OR AN ADVERB 1. Does the word show a relationship between a noun or pronoun following it to a noun or pronoun that comes before it? Ex. Murphy ran under the couch. “under” explains the relationship between the couch and Murphy.

P REPOSITION VS. A DVERB CONT. 2. Is the word part of a phrase? Prepositions are always part of a phrase called the prepositional phrase. The prepositional phrase will always include a preposition and a noun, the object of the preposition. Ex. Welcome aboard. (adverb) Welcome aboard our boat. (preposition)

P RACTICE : D ECIDE IF THE WORD IN ITALICS IS A PREPOSITION OR AN ADVERB. Send copies to the newspaper and the radio. PREPOSITION The marbles were scattered under the bed. PREPOSITION Have you eaten squid before ? ADVERB

P REPOSITIONAL P HRASES Here are some important things to remember about prepositional phrases:  They are made up of a preposition and a noun, called the object of the preposition.  They can act as adverbs or adjectives. We’ll talk more about that later…  Usually, you can cross them out and the sentence would pretty much say the same thing.

P REPOSITIONAL P HRASES A CTING A S A DJECTIVES OR A DVERBS Prepositional Phrases act as adjectives when they give you more information about a noun or pronoun. Ex:The cheese was near the fondue pot. The phrase is modifying the noun cheese. Prepositional Phrases can also act like adverbs when they give you more information about a verb, adjective or other adverb. Ex: Frank ran around the building. The phrase is modifying the verb ran.