Welcome to – IT 220 Network Standards and Protocols

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Unit 1, Chapter 1 & 2 What is a Computer Network? Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

Objectives Review History of Networks Types of communications and Telecommunications Define the terms LAN, WAN, MAN Identify communication networks Describe different types of network topologies, discuss their advantages and disadvantages, and how they are designed. Describe network classifications Describe importance of voice networks

Network Terminology (pgs 8-10) Communications – Science of transmitting meaningful information Telecommunications Communications by electrical or electromagnetic means over a distance Network Interrelated group of objects connected together in some way

Elements of a Network (pgs 10-11) Source Transmitter, PC,Telephone …. Medium Medium, Cable, Circuit …. Sink Receiver, PC/Server,Telephone Rules (Protocols) Hello, Hi John?, John, this is Bill ……. `

Transmission Media Coaxial Cable – Cable TV Twisted Pair (Shielded & Unshielded) Multimode & Single Mode FIber Air

Telecommunications History Telegraph Samual Morse Teleprinting Machine – Eliminate Operators, used code to interpret message – Baudot Code Teletypewriter (TTY) – Teletypewriter exchange service, network of teletypewriter printers Telephone – 1876 Alexander Graham Bell Trying to solve multiple signals on the same wire

Analog Versus Digital Analog – Signal amplitude or frequency modulation –Continuously Variable –Power 60hz Digital – Discrete State –On = 1, Off = 0

Encoding Methods – Analog Methods: Amplitude Modulation Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

Network Classifications Local Area Network (LAN) –Limited Geographical Distance Wide Area Network (WAN) –Long Distance –Commercial Carrier (Switched, Leased, Satellite … ) Metropolitan Area Network –Cover area larger than a campus –Connect several LANS

Network Topology Star Hierarchical Networks Mesh Networks Bus Networks Ring Networks Wireless

Network Topology Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

Wireless Networks Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey All rights reserved.

Network Ownership Public –Built Owned by communications company –Internet –Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) Private –Dedicated, Leased Lines Value Added Networks –Messaging (EDI) –Banking

Public Switched Telephone Network Central Office – Connection Point from home/Bus. Local Loop – Wiring back to CO Drop Wire – Wiring from the home/Bus. Distribution Cable – Collection of Drop Wires Demarc – Termination point for wiring in home/Bus. Switch - Route telephone calls End Office – CO switch between Bus. & Homes Private Branch Exchange(PBX) – Internal switch

Review Questions 1. A set of rules that guide the progress of a message from sender to receiver is called a __________________________. a. port b. protocol c. regulation d. conversation

Review Questions 2. Central offices (COs) contain computers called local loops that route and connect telephone calls and are optimized to perform specific functions. a. True b. False

Review Questions 3. In the telephone system, a computer in a central office _________. a. switches calls between telephones b. totally eliminates the need for telephone operators c. only exists to handle billing and administrative tasks d. is no longer required in modern telephone networks

Review Questions 4. Three ways to classify networks are by __________________, ___________________, and _____________________. a. security b. geography c. topology d. ownership

Review Questions 5. A star network can accurately be compared to a typical corporate organization chart. a. True b. False

Review Questions 6. Networks in which all circuits radiate from a central node are called __________. a. radial arm networks b. pinwheel networks c. hierarchical networks d. star networks

Review Questions 7. Rules that guide the progress of messages through a network are called _____. a. media b. circuits c. switches d. protocols

Review Questions 8. A teletypewriter is a _____________. a. talking typewriter b. device that switches analog signals c. forerunner of systems d. personal computer printer connected by infrared signals

Review Questions 9. Networks that cover a short distance with high bandwidth are called ____________. a. WANs b. LANs c. SGANs d. hybrid networks

Review Questions 10. Networks provided by telephone companies that cover a broad geographic area are called ___________. a. hierarchical networks b. PBXs c. ring networks d. WANs

Homework Assignment: Due Next week –Review Chapter 1, pp Chapter 2, pp –Read: Chapter 3, pp Chapter 4, pp –Complete: Assignment 1.1: Chapter 2, Multiple choice Questions p Assignment 1.2: Duplicate pg 30 in Microsoft in Visio

Lab Lab 1.1: 568B Ethernet cable –Use 5 ’ of grey-jacketed, solid UTP cable –Follow color scheme Lab 1.2: 568B Ethernet cross-conenct cable –Use 1.5 ’ of red-jacketed, stranded UTP cable