Simple machines 6 types of simple machines, mechanical advantage of each type and compound machines
What is a machine? Machines make work easier by changing either the force, distance or direction of the force you exert.
Mechanical Advantage (MA)= output force/input force The # of times a machine increases a force
The 6 basic types of simple machines Inclined plane Wedge Screw Lever Wheel & axle Pulley
Inclined Plane flat, sloped surface.
Mechanical advantage Length of incline Height of incline meters 4 meters MA = 4 m/0.5 m = 2
Wedge a device that is thick at one end and tapers to a thin edge at the other end.
Mechanical advantage Length of wedge Width of wedge MA =? 10 cm / 2 cm = 5 10 cm 2 cm
Screws inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.
Mechanical advantage Length around the threads Length of the screw 5 cm Thread length = 60 cm MA = 60 cm / 5cm = 12
Levers a ridged bar that is free to pivot, or rotate, on a fixed point.
Mechanical Advantage Distance from fulcrum to input force Distance from fulcrum to output force 10 cm 50 cm What is the mechanical advantage? MA = 50 cm/ 10 cm MA = 5
Classification of Levers according to the location of the fulcrum relative to the input and output forces.
- Simple Machines Simple Machines in the Body Most of the machines in your body are levers that consist of bones and muscles.
Wheel and Axle made of two circular objects fastened together that rotate about a common axis.
Pulley made of a grooved wheel with a rope or cable wrapped around it.
Wheel and axle Simple Machine Mechanical Advantage Example Inclined plane Length of incline ÷ Height of incline Ramp Radius of wheel ÷ Radius of axle Screwdriver Wedge Length of wedge ÷ Width of wedge Ax Screw Length around threads ÷ Length of screw Screw Lever Distance from fulcrum to input force ÷ Distance from fulcrum to output force Seesaw Pulley Number of sections of supporting rope Flagpole
Compound Machines A compound machine is a machine that utilizes two or more simple machines.