INTD 54 paint

components of paint pigments—give color to coating binders—holds the pigments particles together; provide washability/scrubbability & durability solvents—make the coating wet enough to spread additives—perform special functions

paint solvent-based: use petroleum derivative as solvent take longer to dry—solvent evaporation sometimes referred to as oil-based water-based: use water to make paint easier to spread sometimes referred to as latex, acrylic latex & vinyl acrylic adapt well to changing weather conditions—moisture less likely to build up

paint several finishes/lusters available in alkyds or latex: flat—highest PVC; provide velvety appearance; little washability eggshell, pearl or satin—slightly lower PVC than flat; moderate scrubbability semi-gloss—mid-range sheen; good scrubbability gloss or high gloss—low-PVC; shiny surface; easy washability; shows imperfections enamel—generally used to indicate a higher quality paint; greater durability; smoother finish *PVC—pigment volume concentration

stain also contain all four ingredients—have a unique binder which causes coating to penetrate deep into surface solid color stain—wood texture visible; hides grain; appears uniform semi-transparent—both texture and grain visible stain waxes—stain & wax in one process

clear coating group of products that contain little or no pigments produce wet or shiny appearance provide an extra layer of protection urethane/polyurethane coatings form tough, hard, flexible chemically resistant films other finishes/coatings: varnish shellac lacquer danish oil

primers first coat applied to substrate—prepares surface some also serve as sealers for porous substrates—wood, paper on gypsum board prevent waste of paint—absorption or deep colors flame-retardant paints not fireproof, do reduce flammability of substrate use wherever greater fire protection needed 0-25 flame spread rating required most commercial

application methods best available equipment should be used—poor quality tools result in poor quality job brushes should have flagged bristles—load brush with more paint & help paint flow smoothly brushes—woodwork & uneven surfaces spraying—cover large areas; 8-10 times faster pads & rollers—do-it-yourself tools; remodeling without removing furnitur e

surface preparation most important procedure to achieve good paint finish 80% of all coating failures—inadequate surface preparation until late 1970s lead-based paints were used—renovations of buildings painted before late 1950s must be done by contractor trained in proper handling

surface preparation wood—moisture; all cracks & nail holes filled; sanding plaster—must be solid; no cracks; smooth and level gypsum board—seams must be taped; nail/screw holes set & filled with spackle; filled areas sanded; brushed clean of particles before priming metal—loose rust & paint removed before painting (sandblasting) masonry—use block filler due to porous surface; masonry paint covers less surface than other types

writing paint specifications way of legally covering both parties in the contract—no misunderstandings of responsibility if scope is clearly written out time requirement most important—penalty surface preparation high-performance paints method of application inspections cleanup