InGOS – an integrating activity preparing for improved Greenhouse Gases monitoring over Europe Ingeborg Levin, Samuel Hammer, Dominik Schmithüsen, Ute Karstens, Frank Meinhardt, Martina Schmidt, Peter Bergamaschi, Sanam Vardag and Alex Vermeulen

Topics discussed today Evaluation, correction and error estimates of „historical“ GHGs data in Europe Harmonisation of current and future non-CO 2 GHGs observations, including Quality Assurance and Quality Control Travelling instrument comparisons (N 2 O, CH 4, 222 Radon etc.) 222 Radon soil exhalation map for atmospheric transport model validation

Continuous CH 4 observations in Europe that started before Voyekovo:

Continuous N 2 O observations in Europe that started before Pallas:

N 2 O mole fractions over Europe: average of May 2007 from TM5 N 2 O mole fractions from TM5-4DVAR (Corazza et al., ACP 2011) average of 5 lowermost model layers (between surface and ~1 km height)

N 2 O mole fractions over Europe: Synoptic variations from TM5 N 2 O mole fractions from TM5-4DVAR (Corazza et al., ACP 2011) average of 5 lowermost model layers (between surface and ~1 km height)

N 2 O mole fractions over Europe: average of May 2007 from TM5 N 2 O mole fractions from TM5-4DVAR (Corazza et al., ACP 2011) average of 5 lowermost model layers (between surface and ~1 km height) → WMO/GAW interlaboratory compatibility target for N 2 O = ±0.1 ppb

Topics discussed today Evaluation, correction and error estimates of „historical“ GHGs data in Europe Harmonisation of non-CO 2 GHGs observations, including Quality Assurance and Control Travelling instrument comparisons (N 2 O, CH 4, 222 Radon etc.) 222 Radon soil exhalation map for atmospheric transport model validation

Continuous N 2 O observations at Schauinsland station before and after correction before after

Error assessment Measurement errors: –repeatability ∆ repeat –reproducibility ∆ reprod –lab-internal scale consistency ∆ sc_consist –calibration and non-linearity ∆ cal_non_lin Sampling errors: –artifacts from pumps –problems with air drying –leaks in the sampling line –…–…

Error estimates: CH 4 in Heidelberg from target gas from working standard from target gas

Error assessment Measurement errors: –repeatability ∆ repeat –reproducibility ∆ reprod –lab-internal scale consistency ∆ sc_consist –calibration and non-linearity ∆ cal_non_lin Systematic error Statistical error Each error will be reported separately

Topics discussed today Evaluation, correction and error estimates of „historical“ GHGs data in Europe Harmonisation of non-CO 2 GHGs observations, including Quality Assurance and Control Travelling instrument comparisons (N 2 O, CH 4, 222 Radon etc.) 222 Radon soil exhalation map for atmospheric transport model validation

Harmonisation of future continuous GHG observations Introduction of Quality Assurance measures –Measurement guidelines –Central Analytical Lab for working standard production and calibration –Monitoring of instrument parameters –…–… Introduction of comprehensive quality control measures –Target/Surveillance tanks –Flask – in situ comparisons –Round-Robin comparison –Comparison with „Travelling Instrumentation“

Topics discussed today Evaluation, correction and error estimates of „historical“ GHGs data in Europe Harmonisation of non-CO 2 GHGs observations, including Quality Assurance and Control Travelling instrument comparisons (N 2 O, CH 4, 222 Radon etc.) 222 Radon soil exhalation map for atmospheric transport model validation

FTIR spectrometer as travelling comparison instrument (TCI) at Mace Head for N 2 O

N 2 O comparison at Mace Head (March – April 2013) Reason for the difference: Mainly errors in scale transfer to Working Gases

N 2 O mole fractions over Europe: average of May 2007 from TM5 N 2 O mole fractions from TM5-4DVAR (Corazza et al., ACP 2011) average of 5 lowermost model layers (between surface and ~1 km height)

Topics discussed today Evaluation, correction and error estimates of „historical“ GHGs data in Europe Harmonisation of non-CO 2 GHGs observations, including Quality Assurance and Control Travelling instrument comparisons (N 2 O, CH 4, 222 Radon etc.) 222 Radon soil exhalation map for atmospheric transport model validation

Development of a 222 Radon flux map Basic input parameters: Radium content of soils - Diffusion model based on soil texture and moisture - Soil moisture based on Climate Land Surface models January July

Development of a 222 Radon flux map: validation with flux observations (multi-annual months repeated) using Noah soil moist. using ERA-I/L soil moist. Measurements using Noah soil moist. using ERA-I/L soil moist. Measurements Measurements:Binningen: Szegvary et al. (2006) M5 Nussloch: Jutzi (2001) Gebesee: Schell (2004) Pallas: Lallo et al. (2009) Soil moisture reanalysis:GLDAS Noah LSM ERA-Interim/Land

First comparison of atmospheric 222 Radon: Model estimates vs. observations Measurements provided by A. Vermeulen, ECN (Cabauw) and M. Schmidt, LSCE (Gif) TM5 transport model simulations provided by E. Koffi and P. Bergamaschi, JRC

Summary A set of corrected atmospheric CH 4, N 2 O and H 2 observations will soon be available for European flux inversions A first attempt is made to also determine and report uncertainty of these observations The Travelling Comparison Instrument approach was shown to be successful, also for N 2 O (besides CO 2 and CH 4 ) A new process-based 222 Radon soil flux map was developed as input for validation of atmospheric transport models

Thank you, and the European Commission’s for supporting these activities