and prevent foodborne illness. Prepare, store, and preserve foods safely to maximize nutrition and enjoyment and prevent foodborne illness. 1

Content Vocabulary Academic Vocabulary contaminant foodborne illness microorganism toxin spore food safety sanitation personal hygiene 20-second scrub cross-contamination internal temperature rancidity freezer burn preserve sugar-pack method tolerate reserve

Content Vocabulary syrup-pack method tray-pack method dry-pack method blanching headspace raw-pack method hot-pack method boiling-water bath pressure canning rehydrate GRAS list irradiation recall tolerance

Foodborne Illness Contaminants can make food unsafe and result in sickness. contaminants A substance, such as a chemical or organism, that makes food unsafe to eat.

Foodborne Illness Contamination can be caused by bacteria and can be prevented by proper handling and cooking. foodborne illness Sickness caused by eating food that contains a contaminant. 5

Cleanliness in the Kitchen Cleanliness keeps food safe and the kitchen pleasant. Keeping your hands clean is the single most effective way to prevent the transfer of bacteria. 6

Cleanliness in the Kitchen Ways to keep your kitchen clean and limit bacteria: Wash work surfaces and utensils in hot, soapy water Wash the tops of cans before opening Change dishtowels often and use new ones daily Wash sponges in the dishwasher or by hand daily Keep pets out of kitchen

Cleanliness in the Kitchen Clean kitchen practices include keeping insects under control, cleaning up after cooking, and avoiding cross-contamination. cross-contamination The spread of harmful bacteria from one food to another. 8

Cleanliness in the Kitchen Ways to prevent cross-contamination Wash surfaces touched by raw meat, poultry, or seafood with hot, soapy water Thoroughly wash cutting boards Keep raw meat, poultry, seafood, and eggs separate from other foods

Cooking Food Safely Food safety guidelines to follow when cooking: Taste only fully cooked foods from animal sources Do not partially cook these foods and finish cooking later Stir and rotate foods when microwaving Reheat foods to 165 degrees within 2 hours to destroy bacteria

Cooking Food Safely Leave food at room temperature only for very short periods. Check food’s internal temperature to determine if it has been cooked long enough to kill bacteria. internal temperature The temperature deep inside the thickest part of the food.

Cooking Food Safely Defrosting food at room temperature allows bacteria to grow. Keep hot food hot and cold food cold until served. How do you know when meat and poultry have been cooked thoroughly enough to kill bacteria?

Temperature Danger Zone

Storing Food Safely Improperly stored food can spoil or lose quality. Food can spoil due to: moisture. heat. dirt. dry air. light.

Storing Food Safely Spoiled food may smell bad, or have mold, bulges, or cloudy fluids. What should you do if you think food is spoiled?

Storing Food Safety Ways to protect the quality of stored food: Buy only what you need Follow package directions for storing Store newly purchased food behind older food Keep track of purchase dates Clean out storage areas periodically

Storing Food Safely To store food at room temperature: Storage cabinets should be clean and dry With doors to keep out light, dirt, and pests Away from heat sources Away from household chemicals

Storing Food Safely Storing leftovers: Tightly closed, shallow containers Refrigerated or frozen promptly

Storing Food Safely Freezer Storage Fairly full freezer works best Items act like ice blocks To prevent freezer burn Pack foods in airtight, moisture resistant containers

Preserving Food Safely Preserving food by canning, freezing, or drying allows people to save money and enjoy seasonal food year-round. Canning requires special equipment. self-esteem The feeling that you are a worthwhile, capable person.

Preserving Food Safely Pickling and drying are methods for preserving foods. preserve To prepare food in a way that allows it to be safely stored for later use.

Chapter Summary Proper food safety and storage prevents foodborne illness. Practicing personal hygiene, maintaining kitchen cleanliness routines, cleaning up properly, and avoiding cross-contamination are all ways to keep a clean kitchen and ensure food safety. Cook, thaw, and serve food properly and at the right temperature.

Chapter Summary Store food correctly and prevent spoilage. Preserve food safely by freezing, canning, pickling, or drying. Government organizations inspect food, prevent diseases, and safeguard the food production process.