SPALW Membership Call Agenda Call to Order Roll Call Overlapping Vulnerabilities ASSE in Action OSHA Latino Workforce Initiatives SPALW in Action Contact Information Questions and Answers

SPALW Mission Statement Through collaborative efforts, Safety Professionals and the Latino Workforce (SPALW) strives to advance the SH&E profession globally by capitalizing on language, cultural and ethnical diversity that enrich the profession.

The Occupational Health and Safety of Young Immigrant Workers in Small Construction Firms Overlapping Vulnerabilities

A Joint Report by The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health & The American Society of Safety Engineers

Presenters: Tom Cunningham National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Mike Flynn National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health DISCLAIMER: The findings and conclusions in this presentation have not been formally reviewed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy.

What do we mean by “vulnerable worker”?  In addition to differential hazard exposure, other factors can make some workers more vulnerable than others to workplace illness or injury.  These include social dynamics such as race, class, and gender; economic trends such as the growth of the temporary workforce; and organizational factors such as business size.

Occupational health disparities  The term occupational health disparities refers to increased rates of work-related illness and injuries in particularly vulnerable populations.  Vulnerable populations are often described using a single characteristic (age, race, income, employment, etc.).  A growing body of research explores how a particular characteristic, such as being an immigrant, a racial minority, or a temporary worker, can increase an individual’s risk for occupational injury or illness and suggests effective ways to improve their safety and health.

Y oung I mmigrant Workers In S mall Construction Firms Overlapping Vulnerabilities

Combination of Risk Factors  This report studies the relationships between three populations at - risk for adverse work- related health outcomes:  Hispanic immigrants  Small business employees  Young workers The combination of risk factors result in overlapping vulnerabilities for workers

Methodology  Examined trends associated with each of these vulnerable groups  Consulted the scientific literature that exists around these topics  Described how the vulnerabilities interact with one another when an individual belongs to all three groups  Specific focus on construction industry

Hispanic immigrants 1 Individuals born in Latin America who currently live in the United States The only racial/ethnic group with an increase in number of workplace fatalities in 2013 Experience a higher occupational mortality rate than all other workers Knowledge, cultural, and structural barriers contribute to the disparity of Hispanic immigrants workplace injuries.

2 Small Businesses Businesses with 20 or fewer employees 90% of construction businesses employ 20 or fewer workers From 1992 to 2010, 44% (5,893) of construction workers who died as a result of injuries sustained while working were employed by companies with 10 or fewer employees Small business owners often demonstrate a lack of OSH knowledge by having no return-to-work policies, poor post-injury administration, no safety training, and a lack of clear management guidance

3 Young Workers 25 years old or younger In 2013 approximately 13% of the US workforce were aged 16 to 24. In 2010, The nonfatal injury rate for those aged 15 – 24 were approximately two times higher than among workers aged 25 or older.

 In 2013, almost two million (1,873,475 ) construction workers in businesses with fewer than 10 employees(US Census Bureau, 2014)  In 2013, nearly 1.5 million Hispanic immigrants worked in construction.  40% worked for a firm with fewer tan 10 employees.  In 2013, there were 758,613 construction workers under the age of 25.  30% worked for a firm with fewer than 10 employees. Size of the Populations

Why Focus on the Construction Industry? A high-risk industry with a high concentration of Hispanic immigrant workers. The burden of occupational injury is increased for small construction firms. Young construction workers have reported using equipment or conducting tasks prohibited by federal child labor laws.

What can we do? INTERVENTION

Test new methods (simulations, storytelling, role plays, etc) Evaluate current resources and practices (Tool Boxes) Partner with other organizations (small businesses, CBOs, Latin American Consulates, construction industry, etc) Pilot a program in a few locations

Improve the effectiveness of training – There are many safety training programs, but their effectiveness is rarely measured. Bring new perspectives – We want to change the conversation and bring new perspectives through a dialogue amongst these populations. Provide a safe workplace – Our unwavering goal is to reduce the death and injury statistics for Hispanic workers and small businesses Through intervention we will….

What’s Your Message? To get involved, find the full report online, and more resources and information:

Q & A