+ Sociocultural Explanations of the origins of Violence

+ For this learning outcome you need to: Discuss sociocultural explanations of the origins of violence

+ For this learning outcome you need to: Discuss sociocultural explanations of the origins of violence We will look at:

+ For this learning outcome you need to: Discuss sociocultural explanations of the origins of violence We will look at: Deindividuation

+ For this learning outcome you need to: Discuss sociocultural explanations of the origins of violence We will look at: Deindividuation Social Learning Theory

+ For this learning outcome you need to: Discuss sociocultural explanations of the origins of violence We will look at: Deindividuation Social Learning Theory Social Identity Theory

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Becoming part of a large group, such as an army or a mob Becoming engrossed in an interesting task Meditation and other contemplative activities FACTORS OF DEINDIVIDUATION: 1.Anonymity 2.Diffused Responsibility 3.Group Size

When you are in a group, you may feel a shared responsibility and so less individual responsibility for your actions. In this way a morally questionable act may seem less personally wrong. You may also feel a strong need to conform to social norms.

“The effects of mobs are particularly alarming as lynchings, riots and wartime atrocities have all been done during periods of deindividuation. Crowds give you the opportunity to hide and also allow you to share the blame, reducing the sense of individual responsibility. Uniforms and war-paint also help hide your true identity. Even sunglasses can support aggressive attitudes as they hide the eyes, a very important part of the individual.”

+ Deindividuation refers to the loss of a sense of personal identity that can occur when we are, for example, in a crowd or wearing a mask. Deindividuation

+ Hogg and Vaughan (2008) define deindividuation as: ‘a process whereby people lose their sense of socialised identity and engage in unsocialised, often antisocial behaviours’.

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+ "Creates a unique psychological state in which behaviour comes under the control of immediate situational demands and biological, hormonal urges. With inner restraints suspended behaviour is totally under external situational control; outer dominates inner" - Zimbardo Deindividuation

+ Lord of the Flies

+ Stanford Prison Study

+ Zimbardo (1969) Read about Zimbardo’s study on deindividuation (page 292 of Course Companion) and write a yellow study sheet. Add details on the studies of Diener et al (1976) and Johnson & Downing (1979) to your study sheet.

+ Social Learning Theory Remind the person next to you what Social Learning Theory is.

+ Social Learning Theory Remind the person next to you what Social Learning Theory is. How does SLT explain violent behaviour?

+ Social Identity Theory Remember Social Identity Theory?

+ Social Identity Theory Remember Social Identity Theory? How does SIT explain violent behaviour?