Launching the Nation 10.1 Laying the foundation of Government

The First President George Washington was older and lacked political experience People saw him as strong, honest, and patriotic: a model for all 11 states sent electors to choose the president THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE –Delegates representing the popular vote of each state, selected Washington New York became the first capital

Launching the Nation 10.2 Hamilton and National Finances

Hamilton and Nation Finances National Debt: –The US owed money to its lenders. We owed $11.7 million to foreign countries. –We also owed $40.4 million to US citizens. ALEXANDER HAMILTON –Secretary of Treasury had a plan to pay off our foreign debts quickly and repay in full, all bond promise to the American people.

Hamilton and Nation Finances Hamilton wanted the federal government to aid state sin paying off their debts. This would boost trust in the government and help the economy Southern states did not like this because they did not owe very much To gain support, Hamilton promised the south that the capital would be moved to Washington DC

Hamilton and Nation Finances Hamilton also wanted a National Bank to safeguard America’s money Some say there is nothing in the Constitution to grant this power LOOSE CONSTRUCTION –Federal government can take any reasonable action even if not state din the Constitution STRICT CONSTRUCTION –Federal government should only do what is specifically stated in the constitution Hamilton gets his bank and the economy improves.

Launching the Nation 10.3 Troubles Ahead

The French Revolution The French people overthrew their King and Queen. This shocks the US because the revolt is so violent. NEUTRALITY PROCLAMATION –The US says it will not take sides The French try to get us to help them while the British capture hundreds of American merchant ships.

The French Revolution The British were also encouraging the Indians to attack in the west JAY’S TREATY –The British promise to stop taking our small ships and to leave their forts in the west in return for the US paying debts that it owed British merchants. The British continued to attack our large ships and stir up trouble with the Indians.

Pickney’s Treaty The Spanish closed the port of New Orleans because of a dispute over the border between the US and Florida Closing the port also stopped our hopes of expanding further west. PICKNEY’S TREATY –The US ambassador Pickney worked out an agreement –Spain agreed to change the border and reopen New Orleans This opens the west to US expansion.

Launching the Nation 10.4 Challenges at Home

Challenges at Home American settlers continue to settle in the Northwest Territory despite Indian protests. The American Indian Confederation led by LITTLE TURLE defeats US forces sent to stop the Indians.

Challenges at Home GENERAL ANTHONY WAYNE –Leads another army to stop the Indians –The Indians are defeated at the BATTLE OF FALLEN TIMBERS. –The US soldiers burned their villages and fields. TREATY OF GREENVILLE –The US gets access to Indian lands in the Northwest Territory and guaranteed safety for our settlers. –The Indians get $20,000 worth of goods and acknowledgment that they owned the land they had left.

Washington’s Farewell Address Washington –Did not want to run for 3 rd term –Wanted to show he was a president and not a king –Believed that danger lied with ties to foreign countries and political division at home –Was concerned about the public debt –Believed that the government should never borrow money –Warned that regional differences could easily lead to political conflict that would harm the nation.

Launching the Nation 10.5 John Adam’s Presidency

The Election of 1796 POLITICAL PARTIES –Groups that help elect government officials and shape government policies. –Washington warned they were dangerous!!! FEDERALIST PARTY –Wanted to make the federal government stronger and promote industry and trade –Very popular in the North

The Election of 1796 DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICAN PARTY –Wanted to limit the federal government –Popular in the South John Adams, a Federalist, narrowly defeats Thomas Jefferson.

The Election of 1800 Adams ran for reelection against Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr When the electoral votes were counted, Jefferson and Burr tied House of Reps tried to break the tie, but ended up in a tie themselves after 30 attempts Jefferson was finally declared the winner after some representatives gave up on voting The Federalist were weakened by the election.