The Splitting of the New Republic 1789-1800. Hamilton v. Jefferson Fiscal and Constitutional Hamilton = national bank, national debt ok, loose interpretation.

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Presentation transcript:

The Splitting of the New Republic

Hamilton v. Jefferson Fiscal and Constitutional Hamilton = national bank, national debt ok, loose interpretation of const Jefferson = no national debt; strict interpretation of const Ideological Hamilton = manufacturing and strong national govt Jefferson = agrarian and states’ rights

Hamilton’s Fiscal Radicalism Federal govt would redeem securities issued by confederation This would create a permanent national debt and the interest would be paid by High tariffs on imported goods National Bank would be part private and would handle all govt funds

Ideological Divides of Hamilton and Jefferson Manufacturing Agrarianism States’ Rights DISCUSS documents

American Neutrality? Case of French Revolution and War on the Frontier

American Neutrality? US trades with both France and Britain Britain begins to seize US ships with French goods John Jay sent to negotiate treaty Jay’s Treaty (1795) VERY pro-British ( ) War with the Delawares, the Shawnees, and the Miami, in the NW territory against settlers who were ignoring Intercourse Act of 1790 Chief Little Turtle wins battle and kills 900 Americans (largest casualty # of any US war with AI

So What?? Jay’s Treaty showed pro-British leaning of Federalist party and angered Jeffersonian Republicans – and showed US was NOT neutral Little Turtle war illustrated US unwillingness to force settlers to negotiate with American Indians on land

Reaction to Federalist Policies Whiskey Rebellion reaction to XYZ affair

Whiskey Rebellion W. Pennsylvania farmers rebel against tax collectors Washington worries about rebellion catching on – so he calls out 13,000 person militia to quell rebellion. Example of killing democracy? XYZ John Adams elected president, 1796 Federalist! Diplomatic relations break down with France – and “agents” allegedly demand bribe Adams won’t release names of diplomats and calls them “X, Y and Z” Adams uses this as excuse to engage in undeclared maritime war Anti-federalists and Irish immigrants critique Adams

Constitutional Crises! Alien and Sedition Acts Election of 1800

Alien and Sedition Acts Alien = authorizes govt to deport foreigners Sedition = prohibits publication of criticisms of govt policies Naturalization Act = residency requirement for citizenship goes from 5 to 14 years Election of 1800 Disagreement on National Bank Foreign policy of engagement and broad British support Disagreement on Alien and Sedition Acts LEAD TO Political Parties and modern electioneering

Election of 1800 Federalists John Adams vs. Democrat-Republicans = Thomas Jefferson Jefferson wins electoral vote against Adams but ties with Aaron Burr House of Representatives would have decided in favor of Burr, but Hamilton steps in and wins votes for Jefferson Jefferson calls this peaceful resolution of electoral conflict a “Revolution”