What you Need to Know: Westward Expansion Pages 61 through 75 of workbook

Manifest Destiny It is the destiny of America to expand all the way to the Pacific It encouraged people to move west It increased nationalism It created tension between the north and the south (sectionalism)

Northwest Ordinance Results of adding this territory: Provided guidelines for adding new states to the Union over time. Key Ideas: States that entered would be equal to the original 13 Westward expansion increased “nationalism”

Louisiana Purchase Key Ideas: 1803-President Thomas Jefferson made the purchase Doubled size of U.S. Increased nationalism Made people want to move westward to the frontier Increased “nationalism”

Monroe Doctrine Key Ideas: President Monroe issued it European countries cannot settle or create colonies in the Americas – not in North America or South America Mexico had declared independence and had all the territory that previously belonged to Spain in North America Increased “nationalism”

Missouri Compromise Key Ideas: Cotton Gin had been invented so southerners wanted to grow more cotton- need slaves Southerners wanted new states to be slave states Northerners did not Compromise reached – 1821 Missouri would enter U.S. as a SLAVE state if Maine came in as a FREE state Line drawn – no slavery above that line Caused “tension” between north and south

Mexico Key Ideas: Mexico won independence from Spain 1821 They invited Americans to come live in Texas because their were too many dangerous indians there The Americans who move there end up wanting to be independent from Mexico Americans fight for and win independence from Mexico – Texas becomes a “Republic” Increased “nationalism”

War for Texas Independence Key Ideas: 1820’s through 1840’s – Americans moving to Texas even though it belonged to Mexico Americans living in Texas become unhappy with Mexican government – want to be independent They fight for independence Texas becomes an independent republic Texas wants to become a slave state in the U.S. Increased “nationalism” Created “tension” between North and South

War with Mexico Key Ideas: Congress decided to admit Texas into the Union as a slave state Mexico did not recognize Texas independence California but Mexico did not want to sell The U.S. provoked a war with Mexico by crossing the Rio Grande border – the U.S. had tried to buy Texas and California before – Mexico said no U.S. won the war, gained Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and CA – “Mexican Cession”

Mexican Cession Key Ideas: After the U.S. won the war, they paid Mexico for the land seen in the map on the left The Treaty was called the “The Treaty of Guadelupe Hidalgo” Later, the U.S. purchased the lower portion in the “Gadsden Purchase” Created “nationalism” Caused “tension” because once again, people worried – would these new territories be slave or free?

Indian Removal Key Ideas: Indians were forced to Oklahoma because Americans wanted their land Many southerners wanted Cherokee land to grow cotton “Cherokee Trail of Tears” just one example of the mistreatment of Natives Created “nationalism” As those lands were cleared – it created “tension” because slavery was spreading west

Gold is discovered in California Key Ideas: Gold is discovered in California in 1849 Created “tension” between Northern and southern states Compromise of 1850 California enters the Union as a FREE state Fugitive Slave Act is passed to pacify the south

Label Your Maps Outline: Northwest Ordinance states Louisiana Purchase Texas Annexation Missouri and the Compromise Line Mexican Cession California