► Ag. in Mid-Atlantic States is better then New England—more fertile soils w/better climate  Fruits & vegetables (Long Island, NJ, DE, MD)  Potatoes (Long Island, NJ)  Vineyards (Finger Lakes of NY & Long Island)  Dairy products  Poultry  Grains

Economics & Industry of the Northeast ► Northeast = the U.S.’ FIRST industrial area  Swift streams = power for mills  Large labor force  Boston = served as a gateway city where raw materials were imported & manufactured into finished products & were then exported  Earliest industries = textiles, iron & steel

► Slater Mill—Pawtucket, RI (birthplace of Amer. Industrial Revolution (Secondary Industry) Industrial Revolution (Secondary Industry)  First water-powered cotton spinning mill in N. Amer.  Built in 1793 on Blackstone R.

► Northeast’s cities developed thru industry ► Manufacturing = expansion of jobs & cities (Pull Factor) ► But recently, the Northeast has transitioned from manufacturing to service industries

► Mid-20 th century = manufacturing declined  Outsourced to Southern states or overseas ► Cheaper labor

► Modern-day industries of the Northeast  Based on information technology, biotechnology, finance/banking, chemical manufacturing, publishing, & tourism (Tertiary & Quaternary) ► Biotechnology  The application of biology to the industrial processes  Pharmaceutical & genetic engineering research ► “electronics parkways” –locations of high tech industries ► Finance (Wall Street, NYC)

► High tech, biotechnology, & other service industries due to world-renowned schools!  >250 colleges/universities  Harvard, MIT, Yale, Boston U., Brown ► Graduates go to work in local industries

Seaboard Cities ► Formed at estuaries ► Deep water ports ► Protected from open ocean ► Access to rivers (transport goods)

“Fall Line” & “Break of Bulk” ► Fall Line  where Piedmont meets Coastal Plain  drop in elevation causes rapid moving water  cities formed to take advantage of water pressure ► Fall Line Cities  Richmond, VA  Washington, D.C.  Baltimore, MD ► Break-of-Bulk Centers = where shipments of goods are moved from one mode of transport to another

Erie Canal ► Completed in 1825  Connects Hudson River (NYC) to the Midwest

Megalopolis—a continuous urban corridor along the Atlantic coast ► Cities of east coast urban corridor  Boston (4.4 mill)  NYC (18.6 mill)  Philadelphia (5.7 mill)  Baltimore (2.6 mill)  Washington, D.C. (5.1 mill) ► Megalopolis = 50 mill people  81% of Northeast pop.  21% of U.S. pop lives in Northeast on only 5% of the nation’s land