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2 a defense alliance signed in 1949 to join the countries of Western Europe, Canada, and the United States. Eastern Europe was excluded from the alliance. NATO has slowly been adding former Soviet Union countries as members.

3 NATO

4 Ended WWI; it demanded that Germany be punished by paying for the damages of the war and by giving up valuable territory. This treaty also leads Germany to begin WWII.

5 Treaty of Versailles

6 Deliberate attempt to eliminate all of a particular group

7 Genocide

8 A treaty signed in 1955 that established an alliance among the Soviet Union, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland and Romania.

9 Warsaw Pact

10 An economic and political system in which property is owned collectively and labor is organized in a way that is supposed to benefit all people. The Soviet Union and China had this type of government.

11 Communism

12 Representative government; Rome

13 Republic

14 Limits placed on the government so government doesn’t control everything the people do. Personal freedoms are important in a limited government.

15 Limited Government

16 An invisible barrier between the people of Eastern and Western Europe after WWII that reflected their being restricted from traveling outside their respective countries.

17 Iron Curtain

18 Rulers in this type of government can do whatever they want without worrying about the law.

19 Unlimited Government

20 Began in 1939 when Germany, Hitler and the Nazis invaded Poland. America entered the war after the attack on Pearl Harbor in The war came to an end in 1945 when the U.S. dropped atomic bombs on Japan

21 WWII

22 Began in 1914 after the murder of the emperor of Austria-Hungary. The war ended in 1919 when Germany and the Allies signed the Treaty of Versailles. The Treaty of Versailles was part of the reason why there was a WWII.

23 WWI

24 A government that receives its power from the people; Greece. People need to stay informed so they can vote and elect good leaders.

25 Democracy

26 Rule by a few; Greece

27 Oligarchy

28 A form of unlimited government in which the ruler(s) have all of the control and power. There isn’t any economic freedom. Countries with totalitarian governments: Germany, Italy and Russia (Soviet Union). These governments failed to meet the needs of the people during WWI and WWII

29 Totalitarian Government

30 After WWII, a period of political non-cooperation between the members of NATO (including USA) and the Warsaw Pact nations (including Soviet Union/Russia), during which these countries refused to trade or cooperate with each other.

31 Cold War

32 period of transitioning to using machines to produce goods. Led to a general rise in the standard of living.

33 European Industrial Revolution

34 Borrowing certain things from another culture by another culture. Typical, cultures with a variety of people from all over, would be likely to borrow culture. Example: The United States borrowed types of architecture from the Romans.

35 Cultural Borrowing

36 The beliefs, customs, laws, art, and ways or living that a certain group of people share. Does not include genetics.

37 Culture

38 Hitler’s attempt at genocide of the Jewish people. Millions of Jews were executed or starved to death at the hands of the Nazis

39 Holocaust

40 Philosophy that supports a strong, central government controlled by the military and led by a powerful dictator. Italy and Germany were fascist countries.

41 Fascism

42 The government decides how many of which goods are produced and sets the prices. Countries in communist countries use this economy model.

43 Command Economy

44 An economy that allows business owners to compete in the market with little government interference. Eastern European countries began trying free market economies after the fall of communism.

45 Free Market Economy

46 Communities made up of a central city and surrounding villages. Many city-states were created in Greece due to the mountain ranges in their country.

47 City-States-

48 Constructed after WWII to prevent East Germans from fleeing to West Germany. Destroyed in 1989 which one of the signs that the Cold War was coming to an end.

49 Berlin Wall

50 an international organization founded in 1945 after the Second World War by 51 countries committed to maintaining international peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations and promoting social progress, better living standards and human rights.

51 The United Nations