Project 6 Using The Analysis ToolPak To Analyze Sales Transactions Jason C. H. Chen, Ph.D. Professor of Management Information Systems School of Business Administration Gonzaga University Spokane, WA 99258, USA

2 Excel Skills Conduct an ANOVA comparing three groups Conduct an ANOVA comparing two groups Create a chart using Microsoft Map Import ASCII data Set up a data set Use the IF function to recode values

3 Key Terms Alpha The probability of making a type I error (rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) A statistical procedure to test the hypothesis that means from two or more samples are equal. ANOVA table A table used to display the results of an ANOVA procedure. Case One row of data in a data set that you will analyze using Excel's statistical procedures in the Analysis ToolPak.

4 Key Terms Coding A method of assigning a value to a variable to be used in statistical analysis. For example, you may need to recode the nominal data for "male" and "female" as 0 and 1 respectively. Critical value The value from a sampling distribution against which you compare a computed statistic to determine whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis. Data Facts and figures that have not been interpreted in a specific context.

5 Key Terms Data set Data you analyze using one or more statistical procedures is stored in a data set. Descriptive statistics Indices and numbers that summarize a data set. Dichotomous variable A variable that can take one of two values. The sex of a survey respondent is an example of a dichotomous variable.

6 Key Terms F Distribution A theoretical sampling distribution of F values. The ANOVA procedure uses the F distribution. Field Data comprised of individual elements such as last name and first name, where a consistent set of identifiers define one or more records. Information Data that is meaningful within a specific context.

7 Key Terms Recoded values Nominal data converted to numeric data for statistical analysis. Record A collection of fields defining one instance of an entity in a database or list. Statistically significant Statistical significance

8 Key Terms Test statistic The value returned from a statistical procedure such as ANOVA. Variable Something that exists in more than one amount or more than one form, or can assume a range of values at any time.

9 Objectives Import ASCII data into Microsoft Excel Add additional formulas to the worksheet Use the IF logical function to recode the Gender variable Create two data sets containing the values to be tested

10 Objectives Calculate descriptive statistics using the Data Analysis tools Conduct an Analysis Of Variance comparing means for two groups Conduct an Analysis Of Variance comparing means for three groups Display data on a map using Microsoft Map

11 Running Case Use Excel to conduct more sophisticated data analysis. Management is interested in monitoring the shopping habits of males and females, and also determining how customer location impacts product selection.

12 Project Challenge Mr. Traylor wants to know two things about e shoppers: (1) Whether there are statistically significant differences in purchasing trends between women and men. (2) If product selection varies depending upon customer location.

13 Fields of the Data File Data file: SalesData.xls Data file: Orders.xls new field

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16 By Region ANOVA

17 Two Hypothesis If obtained F value does not exceed critical F value THEN Null hypothesis there is no difference between men and women ELSE Alternate hypothesis There is a statistically significant difference in their shopping habits

18 Task 8: Conduct the ANOVA for the By Gender data set If you can’t find the add-in of Data Analysis from the Tool drop- down menu

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20 Therefore, the null hypothesis is true that - there is no statistically significant difference in purchasing decisions between women and men based on this sample. The obtained F value of 0.01 if cell E 11 does not exceed the critical F value of 4.13 in cell G11 With alpha equal to 0.05, the researcher (or marketing rep.) has 95% confidence that the result are true. Does Gender affect shopping habits?

21 Case 1: with alpha equal to 0.05 Case 1: with alpha equal to 0.10

22 Task 9: Conduct the ANOVA for the By Region data set T-test Comparing means for two groups only ANOVA Comparing means for three or more groups

23 The obtained F value of if cell E 12 does not exceed the critical F value of 3.28 in cell G12. Therefore the null hypothesis is retained; there are no significant difference between the purchasing decisions of customers in the East, Midwest, and West. Does customer locations affect products selection?

24 Solution – By Gender ANOVA

25 How to add the Map button?

26 Task 10: Display Sales Data on a Map using Microsoft Map 1. Click the SalesData worksheet tab to make it the active sheet. 2. Hide all worksheet columns except columns H,I,J, and Q 3. Highlight the range H1:H37 4. Hold down [Ctrl] and select the range Q1:Q37 5. Click the Map button on the Standard Toolbar (if it is not shown, see the instruction to add it)

27 Task 10: Display Sales Data on a Map using M/S Map (cont.) 6. Drag an area on the worksheet indicating the size and location of the map you want to create.

28 7. The Multiple Map Available dialog should appear. Select United States in North America. 8. Click OK. Excel will create the map, and the Microsoft Map Control will appear. 9. Click the Close button on the Map control to close it.

Click an area outside the chart. The map is shown. 11. Click File, Save As, and save the workbook as Sales Analysis W-Map.xls

30 Final Map generated from Sales Data

31 Microsoft Map

32 How to re-display the Map Control? 1. On step 10, just click an area outside the chart. Do Not close the Map Control. 2. Select the Map by clicking an area inside the chart, then right click. 3. A pop-up menu is shown. 4. Select Microsoft Map Object, the click on Edit. 5. The Map Control menu is re-displayed.

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34 Exploring Other Features from Map Control: Count of Sate

35 Result of Count of State (1)

36 Result of Count of State (2)

37 Exploring Other Features from Map Control: Total

38 Result of Total (1)

39 Result of Total (2)

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Project 6 Using The Analysis ToolPak To Analyze Sales Transactions

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