Chemistry – Unit 1, 2 07-PS1-2, 07-PS1-5

What is Matter? Journal Prompt 1. Write date in journal 2. Restate question by responding to the following question What is Matter?

Sort Activity 1 – With your talk partner, sort cards by determining matter and non-matter. 2 – Discuss what properties matter has to have to make it matter. 3 – Discuss with your quad what makes matter matter. 4 – Create a graphic organizer with your talk partner and write a statement that describes the properties of matter.

Physical and chemical change song

1. Have you written in your agenda yet? 2. Have you turned in your homework? 3. Read article, “Does it Matter?” following directions. 4. Turn to your “talk partner” discuss article. 5. Complete questions at the end of article.

Lab safety

Physical Properties Lab 1 – Read all directions carefully 2 – Remember Safety Rules 3 – Rotate clockwise through stations when directed to 4 – There are 6 stations #1 – Density of an regular object #2 – Density of an irregular object #3 – States of matter #4 - Solubility 5 – Record your findings in you journal

Vocabulary Relay race 1 – Wait for row # to be called 2 – Race to the back find the word or definition 3 – Hand it to the person at the back of the column 4 – Say the vocabulary word and the definition 5 – Pass the word or definition forward repeating the vocabulary word and definition until it makes it to the front 6 – The team that makes it to the front with the right word and definition scores points 7 – Team with most points win

Chemical Reaction

A process in which one or more substances change to make one or more new substances.

Precipitate

A solid that is produced when a chemical reaction occurs in a solution

Reactants

A substance or molecule that is part of the chemical reaction

Products

The substance that forms as a result of a chemical reaction.

Law of Conservation of Mass

A law that states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes.

Atom

The smallest unit of matter.

Molecule

The smallest unit of substance that keeps all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance.

Compound

A substance made up of two or more different atoms bonded chemically.

Pure Substance

A substance that contains only one kind of element or a single compound that has chemical and physical properties.

Chemical Bond

An interaction that holds atoms or ions together.

Atomic Mass

The mass of an atom when you add up its subatomic particles (protons, neutrons.)

Chemical Equation

A representation of a chemical reaction that uses symbols to show how the reactants and products combine together.

Describe the Law of Conservation of Matter Journal Describe the Law of Conservation of Matter

1 - Draw a picture of an atom 2 - Label the parts of an atom Journal 1 - Draw a picture of an atom 2 - Label the parts of an atom

Vocabulary Chemical reaction Molecule Precipitate Compound Reactants Atomic mass Products Chemical bond Law of Conservation of Mass Pure substance Atom Chemical equation

Study Jams – Atoms, Protons, Neutrons, Electrons Atoms are Amazing Study Jams – Atoms, Protons, Neutrons, Electrons

Atomic Structure The Atoms Family Song

Structure of an atom (page 256 in Sciencesaurus) Nucleus – The core of an atom. Contains protons and neutrons. Protons – Positively (+) charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom. Neutrons – Neutrally charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom. Electrons – Negatively (-) charged particles found outside the nucleus of an atom.

Describe the following: Journal Element, Compound, Mixture Describe the following: Element Compound Molecule Mixture

http://www.ivy-rose.co.uk/Chemistry/GCSE/Elements-Mixtures-Compounds.php

A pure chemical substance consisting of a single type of atom http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&docid=vDmuFUe6R0AT1M&tbnid=h4W7FL1EEoSSUM:&ved=0CAQQjB0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dreamstime.com%2Froyalty-free-stock-photo-chemical-elements-seamless-pattern-doodles-school-squared-paper-image30554135&ei=aNUOVJK0GoahyASgnIG4Aw&psig=AFQjCNFVAcEoXXd8DSF21SsCxs34gyhhrw&ust=1410344410107268 Element A pure chemical substance consisting of a single type of atom A mixture elements A single element

http://chemistry. tutorvista. com/physical-chemistry/covalent-bonding http://chemistry.tutorvista.com/physical-chemistry/covalent-bonding.html Molecule A term used to describe any atoms that are connected by chemical bonds.

http://www. freedrinkingwater http://www.freedrinkingwater.com/water_quality/chemical/chemistry-atoms-molecule.htm Compounds A molecule made of atoms from different elements. All compounds are molecules, but not all molecules are compounds

Which are Which? (identify in your Journal) http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GNp0SJ3TozY/TtiKsM9j33I/AAAAAAAAAJY/MhkWkF8J9P4/s1600/molecules.jpg

Mixtures http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks3/science/images/seperation_of_sweets.gif A substance made up of two or more different substances which are mixed but are not combined chemically.

Journal Elements Molecules Compounds Mixtures Similar Different

What does a chemical equation tell us? 9 8 10 20 30 7 5 2 3 4 180 6 40 130 140 50 120 70 60 1 160 170 110 150 80 100 90 Seconds Remaining:

Chemical equations tell us how many atoms or molecules react with each other and how much of a substance is needed to react properly with another.

Identify the reactants, products, subscripts, and coefficients in this chemical equation: 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6 O2 9 8 10 20 30 7 5 2 3 4 180 6 40 130 140 50 120 70 60 1 160 170 110 150 80 Seconds Remaining: 100 90

COUNTING ATOMS

RULES FOR COUNTING ATOMS SUBSCRIPTS only refer to the atom that they are BEHIND. For example… H2S There are TWO atoms of HYDROGEN and only ONE atom of SULFUR.

COEFFICIENTS ATOMS OF HYDROGEN: ATOMS OF SULFUR: 4 2 COEFFICIENTS apply to the entire compound. You MULTIPLY the coefficients and SUBSCRIPTS. 2 H2S ATOMS OF HYDROGEN: ATOMS OF SULFUR: 4 2 IF THERE ISN’T A SUBSCRIPT BEHIND AN ELEMENT, ASSUME THERE IS ONLY ONE ATOM OF THAT ELEMENT!

PARENTHESES Ba(OH)2 ATOMS OF BARIUM: ATOMS OF OXYGEN: 3. If elements or compounds are inside of PARENTHESES, then the SUBSCRIPT behind the parentheses applies to everything inside. Ba(OH)2 ATOMS OF BARIUM: ATOMS OF OXYGEN: ATOMS OF HYDROGEN: 1 2 2

LET’S PRACTICE! 1 2 Al2S3 Atoms of Aluminum: Atoms of Sulfur: 2 3 MgCl2 Atoms of Magnesium: Atoms of Chlorine: 1 2 Al2S3 Atoms of Aluminum: Atoms of Sulfur: 2 3

PRACTICE 2 1 4 CH3OH Atoms of Carbon: Atoms of Hydrogen: 1 H2SO4 Atoms of Hydrogen: Atoms of Sulfur: Atoms of Oxygen: 2 1 4 CH3OH Atoms of Carbon: Atoms of Hydrogen: Atoms of Oxygen: 1 4 1

THIS COULD BE A LITTLE TRICKY… Ca3(PO4)2 Atoms of Calcium: Atoms of Phosphorus: Atoms of Oxygen: 3 2 8 Al2(SO4)3 Atoms of Aluminum: Atoms of Sulfur: Atoms of Oxygen: 2 3 12

What about this BAD BOY??? Atoms of Calcium: Atoms of Phosphorus: 6 2Ca3(PO4)2 Atoms of Calcium: Atoms of Phosphorus: Atoms of Oxygen: 6 4 16

State the Law of Conservation of Mass Journal State the Law of Conservation of Mass Conservation of Mass Video 8 7 9 20 6 10 4 2 3 180 5 30 130 40 140 70 50 60 120 150 170 160 80 110 90 100 1 Seconds Remaining:

Law of Conservation of Matter Matter cannot be created nor destroyed in an ordinary chemical reaction.

Law of Conservation of Mass In a chemical reaction, in a closed system, the mass of the products will equal the mass of the products.

http://images. tutorcircle http://images.tutorcircle.com/cms/images/44/law-of-conservation-of-mass.PNG

Conservation of Mass Doc Brown's Chemistry - GCSE/IGCSE/GCE (basic A level) O Level  Online Chemical Calculations

Conservation of Mass Lab

Conservation of Mass Lab procedure 1. Collect materials and tools. 2. Put 5 grams of baking soda into your balloon with a funnel. Measure 40 ml of vinegar and pour into coke bottle. 3. Measure the mass of your reactants (baking soda and vinegar) before mixing together. Record results. 4. Place balloon over the top of your coke bottle but do not allow baking soda to be released yet. 5. Mix reactants together. Observe the reaction and record results. 6. Measure the mass of your products (measure with the containers and products), record your results. 7. Draw conclusion about whether or not mass was conserved.

Journal Identify the following as a compound, molecule, element or combination: 1. CaCl2 2. H 3. K 4. O2 Identify the following parts of a chemical equation: 1. reactants 2. products 3. # of reactants in the equation 4. # of Hydrogen atoms 2H2 + O2 2 H2O

Journal Using what you have learned about atoms, compounds, and molecules, write a chemical formula for the 4 diagrams shown. http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/standard/chemistry/images/covalent_molecules.gif

Journal 1. A variable is …….. 2. The three kinds of variable are……….

2. Describe where the energy comes from and how we use this energy. Journal 1. List 3 types of energy. 2. Describe where the energy comes from and how we use this energy.

Reviewing Matter Three principal states of matter Solid Liquid Gas

States of matter Solid: molecules are tightly packed together; definite shape and volume Liquid: molecules are able to move around, but are still bonded; no definite shape, but definite volume Viscosity: the resistance of a liquid to flowing. High viscosity flows slowly Low viscosity flows quickly Gas: molecules are spread apart, filling the space available; no definite shape or volume

Physical Properties of matter Boiling point (vaporization): the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas Melting point: the temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid Condensation point: the temperature at which a gas turns to a liquid (the same temperature as the boiling point) Freezing point: the temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid (the same temperature as the melting point)

Changes in Matter Physical change: alters the form of a substance, but not its identity Examples: mixing salt and water, freezing water Chemical change: substances combine or break apart to form new substances Examples: burning wood, heating sugar to make caramel

Mixtures: two or more substances that are in the same place but are not chemically combined Examples: Kool-aid, sea water Pure substances: made of only one kind of matter and has definite properties.

Elements: a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means Examples: iron, copper, aluminum Compounds: a substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined Examples: sugar, salt