I NTEGUMENTARY S YSTEM

LAYERS OF SKIN Outermost layer of skin is the Epidermis. Oil glands of the skin are called Sebaceous glands. Corium, or true skin is called the Dermis.

The skin is a membrane, organ and a system. The epidermis is elastic and fibrous connective tissue Sudoriferous glands eliminate perspiration containing water, salts, and some wastes. Acne vulgaris may be treated with antibiotics and ultraviolet light. If blood vessels dilate, this means that heat is being retained in the body. Eczema can be caused by diet, soaps, medications and even emotional stress. Alopecia Alopecia is a permanent loss of hair of the scalp

wheals. Itchy, raised areas with irregular shapes are. called wheals. vesicle. A blister or a fluid-filled sac is a vesicle. crust A scab is a crust Cyanosis Bluish discoloration of the skin is called Cyanosis Contact Dermatitis – Contact Dermatitis – ie. Poison ivy RING Worm -like scabies are on the skin O THER SKIN CONDITIONS

skin color caused by liver or gallbladder disease is called jaundice. Skin coloration caused by congestion of blood or burns-erythema Skin colorations Erythema

I NFLAMMATORY LESIONS OF THE SKIN A deep loss of skin surface that could extend into dermis-ulcer A firm, raised area is called a papule.

macule A macule is a small spot that is not palpable & that is < 1 cm

WHAT SHOULD WE KNOW? What is it? Erythema multiforme is a general term used to describe an immune complex mediated hypersensitivity reaction to different causative agents. Aetiology Drugs - Penicillin, sulphonamides, barbiturates, NSAIDs, thiazides, phenytoin, vaccinations Viruses - Herpes simplex, hepatitis A and B Bacteria – Streptococcus Fungi, mycoplasma, malignancy, radiotherapy, pregnancy % idiopathic Pathophysiology Not completely understood, likely hypersensitivity reaction.

Epidemiology-CAUSE The highest incidence is in the second to fourth decades of life, with 20% of cases occurring in children and adolescents. Features a dull red macule The hallmark of erythema multiforme is a 'target' lesion with variable mucous membrane involvement. The initial lesion is a dull red macule or urticarial plaque that expands slightly to a maximum of 2cm over hours. In the center, a small papule, vesicle or bulla develops, flattens and then may clear. The intermediate ring develops and becomes raised, pale and edematous. The periphery gradually changes to become cyanotic or violaceous, resulting in the characteristic target lesion.

T ICKET OUT THE DOOR FROM YOUR NOTES DEFINE THE FOLLOWING MaculeUlcer PapuleWheal VesicleCyanosis CrustEpidermis DermisEczema Acne vulgarisDilated Alopecia Sudiferous glands