Biomes BY: Jimmy, Brennen, Charlie, And Claire

Where Temperate Deciduous Forests are found Deciduous forests can be found in the eastern half of the United States of America, and the middle of Europe. There are many deciduous forests in Asia. Some of the major areas that they are in are southwest Russia, Japan, and eastern China. South America has two big areas of deciduous forests in southern Chile and Middle East coast of Paraguay. There are deciduous forests located in New Zealand, and southeastern Australia also.

Geography  The landscape over which temperate deciduous forests grow includes mountains, valleys, rolling hills, and flat plateaus.

What humans have influenced on  A lot of deciduous forests have lost land to farms and towns because of the need for more homes. Although people are trying to protect the forests some poachers are trying to kill the animals in the forests for hunting. Because of what humans have done, less than one fourth of the original deciduous

Some plants  American Beech  The American Beech is a tree that grows in the southern and eastern parts of the United States. American Beech grows in deciduous forests all over Maine and northern Massachusetts. This tree grows best in deep, rich, well-drained soils. In open, sunny areas, beech trees develop shorter trunks with horizontal branches and wide leaves. American beeches have adapted to locations with moist soil and grow wide, shallow root systems better for living in moist soil such as bottom lands, shady ravines and areas near creeks and streams.

Carpet Moss Carpet Moss carpets the forest ground. In the spring the carpet moss is golden green, and turns dark green as it gets older. One of the adaptations for the carpet moss is that the moss can survive the cold weather when the moss is underwater. The carpet moss soaks and absorbs the water through special pores. These spores also aid in the reproduction process.

Common lime The tree can grow to a height of ft. Bushy side shoots grow along the trunk from near the ground. The lower branches arch out, giving the tree an upside down pyramid look. They have glands of their sides that produce a nasty odor the keep predators away.

Guelder Rose The Guelder Rose grow's at low altitudes and in semi- shade. It grows in both heavy clay and acidic soil. Flowers turn into red seeds which attracts small animals. After they are eaten they are digested which spreads the population of the flowers.

Lady Fern Many people use the lady fern to decorate their homes. People in Victorian times were crazy about Lady fern. Lady fern is not only found in the house. It also grows in the wild, especially in deciduous forests and the taiga of North America and Eurasia.

Northern Arrowwood These plants have dark green, oval deciduous leaves which grow opposite each other on the stem. The tips of the leaves are pointed and the bottoms are rounded or heartshaped. The leaves are about 4 inches long and 3 inches across. Northern Arrowwood is different from other viburnums because its leaves have big spiky edges, but its surface is smooth. It has small white to pink flowers in flat- topped clusters about 4 inches across. The plant blooms from May to June. The leaves and flowers grow on the top of long shoots.

Pecan Tree The pecan tree can grow to enormous heights, sometimes to heights of 180 feet, and has an upright growing pattern. The bark is pale gray or whitish brown, scaly, and deeply furrowed. The bark on the pecan tree is rough and scaly, and is pale grey or brown. The heartwood is solid brown and black.

Shagbark Hickory The Shagbark Hickory tree has an ashy gray bark similar to birch trees except its bark separates into long strips. The Shagbark Hickory tree is tall and straight and can grow to about 100 feet tall. The branches can spread to 25 feet, the lower branches somewhat droop while the upper branches are upright. The branches in the middle are just about horizontal. The wood of this tree is strong and tough.

Tawny Milkcap Mushroom The Tawny Milkcap Mushroom can be found in most deciduous forests. On the North American continent it can be found in southern Canada and the eastern United States. In Japan it is known as chichitake and is used to make a flavorful broth.

White Birch The White Birch is a small to medium sized deciduous tree which grows to 70 or 80 feet in height. The twigs and branches are flexible unlikely to break under a load of snow. They are deciduous losing there leaves in the winter which reduces water loss and eliminates the need to protect soft leaf tissue.

Humidity  humidity 60% to 80%

Sunlight  Deciduous forests don’t get much sunlight because of their dense canopies. Through cracks in the canopy, streaks of sunlight do come through and reach the forest floor. This sunlight helps the plants in each of the four, or sometimes five, layers of the forest to grow.

Seasons  one thing is that they have four distinct seasons, spring, summer, autumn and winter.

Average Temperture  most of these forests have mild summers average about 70 °F.

Winter temperature  winter temperature is just below freezing.

Rain Totals  They can get up to 14 inches of rain in winter months and 18 inches in the summer.

Weather Changes  Rapid changes from cold and dry to wet and warm or to any of the other corners of the climate.. wind storms

Weather Impacts  The weather patterns might impact plants that can not take a lot of water and then not get a whole lot of water. also it can take from warm to cold.

Wind Velosty

American Black Bear An abiotic factors related to this animal is rocks. American Black Bears can make their homes in a rock pile.. Some biotic factors are grasses, roots, berries, insects, fish and mammals. These are all parts of the American Black Bear's diet.  American Black Bears adapt to their biome by staying still in the winter (not actually hibernating). They do not eat, drink, pee or poop which helps them get through the winter when it is cold and there is a lack of food. Food chains - Plants (producer) - rabbit (primary consumer) - American Black Bear (secondary consumer) Insects (producer) - salmon (primary consumer) - American Black Bear (secondary consumer) One decomposer in the biome would be a slug.

Coyote An abiotic factors of this animal are dirt and rocks on the forest floor. Some biotic factors of this animal are elk, deer, insects, fruit, berries and prickly pear cactus which are foods that the coyote eats.  The coyote is easily adaptable to many biomes since it is able to eat a variety of food. It will eat the food available wherever it lives. Food chains - Plants (producer) - rabbit (primary consumer) - coyote (secondary consumer) Insects (producer) - birds and fish (primary consumers) - coyote (secondary consumer) A decomposer in this biome is the earthworm. The worm eats the decaying roots and leaves in the forest and fertilizes the soil allowing trees and plants to grow.

Fat Dormouse One abiotic factor of the fat dormouse is that the fat dormouse can live in rock crevices. A biotic factors of this animal is that the fat dormouse can also live in a hollow tree.  The fat dormouse's bushy tail helps it balance when it is climbing up a tree. Food chains - Apples, pears and plums from trees (producer) - fat dormouse (primary consumer) Insect (producer) - Bird (primary consumer) -> egg - fat dormouse (secondary consumer) A decomposer in this biome is the snail.

American Bald Eagle An abiotic factors of this animal are sticks and mud which the eagle uses to build its nest. Some biotic factors of this animal are fish and mammals which are foods that the eagle eats.  The eagle is easily adaptable to many biomes since it is able to eat a variety of food. It will eat the food available wherever it lives. Food chains - Berries and flowers from plants (producer) - squirrels (primary consumer) - eagle (secondary consumer) Insects (producer) - birds and fish (primary consumer) - eagle (secondary consumer) A decomposer in this biome is the mushroom.

Duckbill Platypus An abiotic factors of this animal are sand and mud in the bottom of rivers where it looks for food. Some biotic factors of this animal are frog, shrimp, larvae, fish and tadpoles which the platypus eats.  The platypus has special adaptations for its environment such as webbed feet and a flat tail to swim in the rivers and heavy fur to keep it warm. Food chains - Plants (producer) - fish (primary consumer) - platypus (secondary consumer) Insects (producer) - frogs and fish (primary consumers) - platypus (secondary consumer) A decomposer in this biome is the clam (scavenger).

Least Weasel One abiotic factors of the least weasel is stone since it sometimes lives in a stone wall. Some biotic factors of this animal are mice, rats, moles, small birds, bird's eggs, rabbits, and poultry which it eats for food.  The least weasel's special adaptation is that its fur changes by the different seasons. In the summer, it is brown and white. In the winter, the least weasel's fur turns totally brown or totally white to blend in with the snow. Food chains - Fruits and seeds from plants (producer) - mice (primary consumer) - weasel (secondary consumer) Insects (producer) - birds (primary consumers) - weasel (secondary consumer) A decomposer in this biome is a beetle.

White-Tailed Deer Some biotic factors of this animal are acorns, nuts, green plants and twigs which it eats for food.  The White-tailed deer's special adaptation is that its fur changes by the different seasons. In the summer, it is more reddish. In the winter, its fur is more grey to blend in with the snow. Also, although White-tailed deer usually stay by themselves, they herd together to keep warm. Food chains - Acorns, sticks and nuts from trees (producer) - deer (primary consumer) Green plants (producer) - White-tailed deer (secondary consumer) A decomposer in this biome is the millipede.

European Red Squirrel Some biotic factors of this animal are acorns, hazelnuts, chestnuts and beech flowers which it eats for food.  The European red squirrel's special adaptation is that its large bush tail keeps it balanced when it climbs up a tree. Food chains - Acorns, hazelnuts and chestnuts from trees (producer) - the European red squirrel (primary consumer) Caterpillar (producer) - the European red squirrel (secondary consumer) A decomposer in this biome is the wood eater.

Beaver An abiotic factor of this animal is mud where is makes lodges A biotic factor of this animal are tree barks, twigs, leaves and water plants which it eats for food. The beaver's special adaptation is that it has webbed feet which helps it to swim in the water. Food chains - Tree barks, twigs and leaves (producer) - beaver (primary consumer) Water plants (producer) - beaver (primary consumer) A decomposer in this biome is the bacteria. The bacteria breaks down living material in the water.

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