Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad Session 3: "Sharing e-knowledge on agricultural diversity worldwide“ TDWG 2009 – Montpellier, November 2009 Patricia Koleff, Cecilio Mota, Oswaldo Oliveros, Francisca Acevedo, Claudia Sánchez, Israel Martínez

Contents 1. Knowledge applications for decision making for decision making 1. Biotica 2. Lessons learned

Mission National Commission for the Knowledge Use of Biodiversity - MEXICO

Genes Species / Populations Communities/ Ecosystems Landscape/ Region Culture CompositionStructureFunction

Specimen data bases* Species information Catalogues and authority files Satellite images Electronic cartography Vegetation data Climate Infrastructure, Cities, etc. Statistical, analytical and modelling tools, bioinformatic developments National and international expert networks SNIB MAIN FEATURES: Data quality control Constantly updated Information from projects supported by CONABIO, data repatriation and experts´ collaboration Also info from literature and field work

SNIB: Specimen records Invertebrados Plantas Vertebrados Bacterias, virus, algas y hongos 2,899,107 records shown (90% of the total) Specimens collected between 1730 and 2008 Total: 740 databases,

Data quality control for specimen databases

Genes Regions Country Planet Ecosystems Species Corridors Áreas of distribution of agaves are identified for the Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) of “Mezcales”

Mangroves Cloudforest Genes Regions Country Planet Ecosystems Species Corridors 770,000 ha

Genes Regions Country Planet Ecosystems Species Corridors Central America Europe: EFFIS South America -Argentina (INTA)

Genes Regions Country Planet Ecosystems Species Corridors Risk Analysis (RA) Genetically Modified Organisms Information System (SIOVM) 1,854 From 2000 to 2009: 1,854 recommendations (case by case) Agriculture and Environment Ministries SIOVM contains 602 additional fields to compile information needed for the RA

Specially designed by CONABIO to manage curatorial, nomenclatural, geographical, reference and ecological data. The main objective is to help entering and updating data. Developed with a modular approach, both in the data base structure and in the system. Information System Biótica©

InstitutionCode CollectionCode CatalogNumber DateLastModified BasisOfRecord Remarks IdentificationQualifier EarliestDateCollected LatestDateCollected Collector Sex LifeStage ImageURL DayOfYear Collector Disposition IndividualCount DarwinCore IdentifiedBy DateIdentified CollectorNumber FieldNumber Preparations TypeStatus Country StateProvince Locality MinimumElevationInMeters MaximumElevationInMeters MinimumDepthInMeters MaximumDepthInMeters DecimalLatitude DecimalLongitude GeodeticDatum VerbatimCoordinates VerbatimCoordinateSystem GeoreferenceProtocol GeoreferenceSources GeoreferenceRemarks ScientificName HigherTaxon Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus SpecificEpithet InfraspecificRank InfraspecificEpithet AuthorYearOfScientificName IdentificationQualifier ImageURL RelatedInformation

Seeds collection

TablesFields Biotica 1.0 (1995)37 60 (or more) Biotica 5.0 (2009) Including Collection Module (CM) Including Germoplasm Module (GM) Including CM and GM1271,087 Including CM, GM and additional qualitative and quantitative maize data* 1391,138 * IPGRI/FAO

Biótica© adapted for data on Maize and its wild relatives Foto: Carmen Loyola

Biótica© nomenclatural data for races of maize Foto: Rafael Ortega Paczka

Biótica© nomenclatural data for wild relatives Foto: Carmen Loyola Foto: Juan Manuel Martínez

Foto: Alejandro Ortega Coronar

Since 2006 CONABIO coordinates 10 projects that are developing databases, one is computerizing the access to information from national collections of maize and its wild relatives, and 9 are gathering new data from the field. Number of records added to date: 14,395 maize ( 59 maize landraces ) 249 teocintle ( Zea spp. ) 116 Tripsacum Foto: Ricardo M. Garibay Supported by SEMARNAT, SAGARPA and CIBOGEM / $15’ MX Information about projects: FX004, FY001, FY002, FZ001, FZ002, FZ003, FZ007, FZ011, FZ014, FZ015, FZ016, FZ018, FZ019

Tuxpeño intra-racial variation - We documented a greater variation for Tuxpeño race, the main germoplasm source for improving maize in tropical areas of the world. In Mexico, this race is used by the rural farmers in the tropical areas, but it is also adapted to seasonal rain and more extreme climates. - Map shows local and regional exchange of seeds ( km) and maximum documented distances (30 km) to spread pollen. Trade areas are not illustrated (larger distances).

Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad We acknowledge all participants of this effort, that have provided funding, institutions and expertise as well as personnel from CONABIO. Man waiting for rain (Vindobonensis Codex)