19 July 2014 L. Talley and M. England, co-chairs Interaction with other panels or sponsors Issues with membership Meeting plans and budget requests TOR if there are big changes or issues Links to CLIVAR RF, WCRP GC (any issues for next SSG)

CLIVAR SSG actions wrt SOP (in brief) 1. CLIVAR and CliC SSGs should discuss and ratify full SOP cosponsorship, selection of membership by both SSGs. 2. Biogeochemical interests – how to liase with ocean acidification, carbon, nutrient organizations (Future Earth?) 3. Meeting and workshop support: SOP-10 in Qingdao, SOOS Air-sea flux workshop 4. Guidance in revising terms of reference 5. CLIVAR Research Foci: SOP strong involvement in Decadal, Upwelling, Sea Level, and Heat 6. WOCE Grand Challenges: SOP strong involvement in Cryosphere, and also Clouds….

Interaction with other panels CliC: Joint sponsorship of projects and workshops. Proposed: CLIVAR and CliC SSGs to jointly appoint members, ensuring seamless activity; SOP to respond to both CLIVAR and CliC science priorities; concern about multiple, excess reporting. SCAR: cross-membership, involvement of SOP in SCAR’s ocean- relevant activities? Not active, not working. SOOS: cross-membership; advising from SOOS at each SOP; recommendations from SOP back to SOOS. Active and working. CLIVAR OMDP: Maintain existing strong relationship. Active and working. Begin relationships with biogeochemical panels – Future Earth, etc? (acidification, nutrients, productivity, upwelling). Where to go with this?

Membership and chairmanship issues 1 SOP will be a committee of both CLIVAR and CliC from henceforth. CLIVAR and CliC SSGs will jointly appoint SOP members from henceforth, based on discussion with Krinner this week. CLIVAR and CliC SSGs should discuss and ratify this change. Need minimum of 2 cryosphere members (CliC side) (H. Hellmer) Need atmospheric scientist (currently no one) Need balance of modeling/observational expertise (currently good) Need SCAR member (J. Shi) Need SOOS member (A. Naveira-Garabato) Need balance of countries (currently OK)

Membership and chairmanship issues 2 2-year length of term is too short given that SOP meetings are routinely 1.5 to 2 years apart. Hence many members roll over to 4 year total. Recommend 3 or 4 year terms at outset. When do we start consideration of new or roll-over membership? 2014 (4, including co-chair), 2015 (2), 2016 (6) Consider new modeling co-chair if M. England joins Climate Dyn. Panel. Could be someone who is strongly associated with CliC (cryosphere modeler)

SOP National Representatives Southern Ocean national representatives act as contact points and keep the panel and SO community appraised of their countries' activities in the SO region. If you would like to act as a national representative for your country please contact Nico Caltabiano. The following countries have national representatives:Nico Caltabiano Argentina - Alejandro BianchiAlejandro Bianchi Australia - Steve RintoulSteve Rintoul Belgium - Hugues GoosseHugues Goosse Brazil - Rodrigo Kerr*Rodrigo Kerr Chile - Dante FigueroaDante Figueroa China – Jiuxin Shi* Finland - Aike BeckmannAike Beckmann France - Sabrina SpeichSabrina Speich Germany - Hartmut HellmerHartmut Hellmer Italy - Enrico ZambianchiEnrico Zambianchi Japan – Katsuro Katsumata* New Zealand - Mike WilliamsMike Williams Norway - Svein OsterhusSvein Osterhus Russia - Alexander KlepikovAlexander Klepikov South Africa – Isabelle Ansorge*Isabelle Ansorge Spain - Damià GomisDamià Gomis United Kingdom - Alberto Naveira GarabatoAlberto Naveira Garabato USA - Kevin SpeerKevin Speer outhern/about-us/national- representatives outhern/about-us/national- representatives * 11 July 2014 updated What is the role of this list? We need this national input, but the list is not the most helpful. Best input is from members of SOP regarding their own country, but not all countries are represented.

Meeting plans and budget requests SOP-10 meeting at CLIVAR Open Science Conference in Qingdao. Will need support for panel. SOP host: Jiuxin Shi (SOP member; SCAR SSG) Will propose specific topics for Southern Ocean focus, advertise with CliC, SOOS, SCAR communities Southern Ocean model intercomparison experiments (wind perturbation, meltwater perturbation) Dense water flux estimates Attendance at SCAR and CliC meetings: budget from WCRP?

Workshops SOP endorsement SOOS workshop on Southern Ocean Air-Sea Fluxes (early 2015; Gille et al.; Naveira-Garabato SOP rep.). Request for WCRP/CLIVAR financial support. Ice shelf modeling with CliC (D. Holland) – will follow up SOP interest SCAR open conference Aug US CLIVAR workshop “Ocean’s Role in Climate: Carbon, Heat and Nutrients” prior to Fall 2014 AGU mtg. with significant US SOWG leadership and input (J. Russell)

Terms of Reference for SOP - old 1. Design a strategy to assess climate variability and predictability of the coupled ocean-atmosphere-ice system in the Southern Ocean region. 2. Engage and interact with the Southern Ocean Observing System (SOOS) programme on Southern Ocean sustained observations and model experiments needed to meet the objectives of CLIVAR, CliC, SOOS and SCAR. 3. Work in concert with relevant CLIVAR panels (e.g. regional panels, numerical experimentation groups), ACSYS/CliC Panels (DMIP, OPP, NEG) and other groups (e.g. Ocean Observation Panel for Climate, Argo Science Team) to integrate Southern Ocean observations with those in neighboring regions to ensure the objectives of CLIVAR/CliC/SCAR are met and resources are used efficiently. 4. Enhance interaction between the meteorology, oceanography, cryosphere, biogeochemistry and paleoclimate communities with an interest in the climate variability of the Southern Ocean region. 5. Serve as a forum for the discussion and communication of scientific advances in the understanding of climate variability and change in the Southern Ocean region. 6. Work with the CLIVAR, CliC, SCAR, SOOS and WCRP Data Council data systems on issues related to distribution and archiving of Southern Ocean observations. 7. Advise the CLIVAR, CliC, SOOS and SCAR SSGs on progress achieved towards implementation.

Terms of Reference for SOP – redrafting in progress with V. Detemmerman 1. Define the tools required to assess climate variability, climate change and climate predictability of the ocean-atmosphere-ice system in the Southern Ocean region. 2. Design a strategy to implement these methods, spanning observations, models, experiments and process studies. 3. Provide scientific and technical input into this implementation, collaborating as required with other relevant programs, including the Southern Ocean Observing System (SOOS). 4. Monitor and evaluate progress of this implementation. 5. Enhance interaction between the meteorology, oceanography, cryosphere, biogeochemistry and paleoclimate communities with an interest in the climate of the Southern Ocean region. 6. Serve as a forum for the discussion and communication of scientific advances in the understanding of climate variability and change in the Southern Ocean region. 7. Work with relevant agencies on the distribution and archiving of Southern Ocean observations. 8. Advise and report to CLIVAR, CliC, and SCAR on progress, achievements, new frontiers and impediments.

CLIVAR Research Foci – mapping to SOP CLIVAR Research FociSouthern Ocean Panel relevance? Monsoon systemsNone based on R.F. prospectus/discussion Decadal variability and predictability of ocean and climate variability Large interest: mid-latitude modes. Ensure SOP representation in membership. Science Underpinning the Prediction and Attribution of Extreme Events Overlap is indirect. (ice shelf breakup) Marine biophysical interactions and dynamics of upwelling systems Large interest that needs to be conveyed: S.O. upwelling system has large global impacts, and SOP includes acidification. Ensure SOP representation in membership. Dynamics of regional sea level variabilityLarge interest: ice sheet mass balance, freshwater and heat inputs. Ensure SOP representation in membership. Consistency between planetary heat balance and ocean heat storage Large overlap, but S.O. not yet in outlines. Ensure SOP representation in membership. ENSO in a changing climateNone based on R.F. prospectus/discussion

CLIVAR Research Foci – mapping to SOP Missing research focus? Mid- and high-latitude climate interactions Could cover the (NH & SH) mid-latitude jets, ocean-sea-ice interactions, mid- to high-latitude ocean variability and trends, impacts of vacillations in the jets on regional climate and ocean properties, impacts of the jets on drought and climate extremes, climate over the Arctic and Antarctic. (M. England) May be covered in the Decadal Variability research focus, and in the new Climate Dynamics Panel

WCRP Grand Challenges – mapping to SOP WCRP Grand ChallengesSouthern Ocean Panel relevance? Regional Climate Information(already covered in R.F.) Sea-Level Rise and Regional Impacts(already covered in R.F.) Cryosphere in a Changing ClimateVery strong given SOP’s CliC cosponsorship Clouds, Circulation and Climate SensitivityPossible important connections with new initiatives on Southern Ocean clouds. Ensure discussion and potential cross- membership. Changes in Water Availability(not clear) Science Underpinning the Prediction and Attribution of Extreme Events (already covered in R.F.) Workshop on Clouds, Aerosols, Radiation and Air-Sea Interface of Southern Ocean: Establishing Directions for Future Research March 18-19, 2014, U.Washington. Chris Bretherton, Christian Jakob, Roger Marchand, Greg McFarquhar, etc..

Capabilities Sustained observations SOP will advise GOOS on EOVs, and will agree on list of most important, practical, near-term priorities (under-ice observations; surface fluxes) Ocean model improvements Climate dynamics panel breakout – includes S.O. relevant modes, sea ice, clear role for SOP. Southern Ocean biases is potential topic Climate information and data Work through SOOS. Specific item: SeaOS observations are not archived except by biologists. Should become part of Argo data set.