Exploration & Colonization: The World Comes to the Americas U.S. History

Review Questions Why did European nations seek new trade routes to Asia and Africa? 2. What impact did the discovery of the “New World” (Americas) have on the “Old World” (Europe/Africa)? 3. How did the Americas change due to contact with the “Old World”?

Christopher Columbus 1492 – first trip financed by Spain 1492 – first trip financed by Spain Made 4 voyages in total Made 4 voyages in total Believed he had discovered route to Asia Believed he had discovered route to Asia Led to permanent contact between Old and New Worlds Led to permanent contact between Old and New Worlds

Other Nations Soon Follow England, France, and the Netherlands soon competed with Spain for control of the “New World” of the Americas. England, France, and the Netherlands soon competed with Spain for control of the “New World” of the Americas. All wanted to build great empires using the wealth (gold and silver) and products (raw materials and cash crops) from the Americas. All wanted to build great empires using the wealth (gold and silver) and products (raw materials and cash crops) from the Americas.

Spanish Empire Spain built largest and richest empire Spain built largest and richest empire Conquistadors and explorers expanded Spain’s control Conquistadors and explorers expanded Spain’s control European diseases and brutal treatment of indigenous natives killed millions European diseases and brutal treatment of indigenous natives killed millions Spanish colonized “New World” and tried to convert Natives to Christianity Spanish colonized “New World” and tried to convert Natives to Christianity The Spanish Empire at its Height

Spanish Legacy for U.S. First permanent colony in the U.S. – St. Augustine, Florida (1565) First permanent colony in the U.S. – St. Augustine, Florida (1565) Cultural influence in Southwest – Texas, California, Arizona, New Mexico Cultural influence in Southwest – Texas, California, Arizona, New Mexico Founded cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Diego, Albuquerque, Santa Fe, San Antonio as Catholic missions Founded cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Diego, Albuquerque, Santa Fe, San Antonio as Catholic missions

New France French empire built on trade and fur trapping – not colonization French empire built on trade and fur trapping – not colonization Exploration began in Canada, spread into Great Lakes and Mississippi River areas Exploration began in Canada, spread into Great Lakes and Mississippi River areas Treated Natives much better than Spain did – trading partners and new converts to Christianity Treated Natives much better than Spain did – trading partners and new converts to Christianity

French Legacy for U.S. Explored and mapped much of Midwest Explored and mapped much of Midwest Cultural influence in Great Lakes area– Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, Minnesota – and Louisiana Cultural influence in Great Lakes area– Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, Minnesota – and Louisiana Founded cities like Chicago, New Orleans, Detroit, St. Louis, Green Bay, Mobile as trading posts Founded cities like Chicago, New Orleans, Detroit, St. Louis, Green Bay, Mobile as trading posts

Review Questions What areas of the future U.S. did the Spanish explore and colonize? 2. What areas of the future U.S. did the French explore and colonize? 3. Name three American cities founded by the Spanish: 4. Name three American cities founded by the French: 5. Name two similarities and two differences between the French and the Spanish Empires in North America:

New Netherland Established for fur trade with Natives Established for fur trade with Natives Main settlement was New Amsterdam Main settlement was New Amsterdam Open to all settlers; provided religious tolerance Open to all settlers; provided religious tolerance Captured and renamed by English in 1670s Captured and renamed by English in 1670s

Dutch Legacy for U.S. New Amsterdam became New York City New Amsterdam became New York City Cultural influence in New York area – place names like Harlem, Bronx, Brooklyn Cultural influence in New York area – place names like Harlem, Bronx, Brooklyn Dutch folklore became early American literature – “Rip van Winkle” and “Legend of Sleepy Hollow” Dutch folklore became early American literature – “Rip van Winkle” and “Legend of Sleepy Hollow”

English Colonies England had colonies in Canada, present-day U.S., & Caribbean England had colonies in Canada, present-day U.S., & Caribbean “American” colonies established for differing reasons – like religious freedom, economic opportunity “American” colonies established for differing reasons – like religious freedom, economic opportunity Jamestown, Virginia (1607), Plymouth, Massachusetts (1620) - first English colonies in America Jamestown, Virginia (1607), Plymouth, Massachusetts (1620) - first English colonies in America

English Colonies Colonies grew and became vastly different from each other – economics, religion, social structure, relations with Natives Colonies grew and became vastly different from each other – economics, religion, social structure, relations with Natives Regional differences developed – New England, Middle, & Southern colonies Regional differences developed – New England, Middle, & Southern colonies English king ruled colonies through appointed Governors English king ruled colonies through appointed Governors Some colonies had elected legislatures Some colonies had elected legislatures

Review Questions The Dutch influenced what area of the present-day U.S.? 2. What was similar between the Dutch and the French colonies? 3. What were the three regions of English colonies in America? 4. Name the first two permanent English settlements in the Americas: