{ IB Environmental Systems and Societies 3.4 and 3.5 Review Click here to begin

Name all five layers/horizons of a soil profile : Question: 1 Click here for answer

 Name at least two things that determine the primary productivity of soil : Question 2 Click here for answer

 Name at least three things that lead to soil degradation : Question 3 Click here for answer

 What are the purposes for mechanical, cropping, and soil husbandry methods? 3.4.4: Question 4 Click here for answer

 Name at least two things that soil erosion and soil fertility loss, at Sierra de Santa in Veracruz, Mexico, have resulted in : Question 5 Click here for answer

 What is one difference between agriculture in MEDC’s and agriculture in LEDC’s? 3.5.1: Question 6 Click here for answer

 Between terrestrial food production systems and aquatic food production systems, which of the two is more efficient and why? 3.5.2: Question 7 Click here for answer

 What is the difference between intensive farms and extensive farms? 3.5.3: Question 8 Click here for answer

 Define the term ‘shifting cultivation’ : Question 9 Click here for answer

 Organic horizon  Mixed mineral-organic horizon  Eluvial or leached horizon  Illuvial or deposited horizon  Bedrock or parent material 3.4.1: Answer 1 Next question

 Mineral content  Drainage  Water-holding capacity  Air spaces  Biota  Potential to hold organic matter 3.4.2: Answer 2 Next question

 Water erosion  Wind erosion  Acidification (toxification)  Eutrophication  Salinity  Atmospheric deposition (heavy metals and organic pollutants)  Desertification  Climate change 3.4.3: Answer 3 Next question

 Soil conservation  Mechanical methods are used to reduce water flow  Cropping and soil husbandry methods are used against wind and water damage 3.4.4: Answer 4 Next question

 Reduced agricultural productivity  Decreased availability of drinking water in nearby urban centres  Increased road maintenance  Falling hydroelectric potential  A decline in the fishing industry in coastal lagoons 3.4.5: Answer 5 Next question

 MEDC’s:  Advanced technology  Low labour and high fuel costs  Grand-scale factory produced fertilizers and pesticides  LEDC’s:  Low levels of technology  Lack of capital  High levels of labour 3.5.1: Answer 6 Next question

 Terrestrial:  Second law of thermodynamics 3.5.2: Answer 7 Next question

 Intensive farming:  Small area of land  Aims to have very high output per unit area of land  Extensive farming:  Large in comparison to the money and labour put into them  Few workers are responsible for thousand of acres of land 3.5.3: Answer 8 Next question

 Agriculture in which new land is cleared by cutting down small areas of forests and setting them on fire.  Ash is used as fertilizer  Cleared land spaces are used to farm crops 3.5.4: Answer 9 Next question

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