The Colonies

The Council of the Indies Set up in Spain Viceroys Ruled in the colonies In the King’s name in each district Advisory councils and lesser officials under the Viceroy Spanish Colonies

Social Classes Peninsulares Referred to the Iberian Peninsula Pure blood; born in Spain Held the highest positions in govt and the church Creoles Born in the Americas of Spanish blood Owned most of the land and the wealth Spanish Colonies

Social Classes Mestizos Mix of Native American and Europeans Mulattoes Mix of African and Europeans Pure Africans & Native Americans at the bottom Spanish Colonies

The colonies grew so fast that by 1550 Mexico City was the largest Spanish speaking city in the entire world Spanish Colonies

Don’t forget about mercantilism Spanish colonies could only export to?_______________ Spanish colonies could only import from? ____________ Could Spanish colonies trade with other Spanish colonies? Spanish Colonies

Settled originally by the Tupian Indians In the 1530’s Portugal issued land to nobles Share their profits with the King No instant wealth of silver and gold in Portuguese colonies Portuguese Colonies

Exported brazilwood Named the colony after it Became a highly sought after wood in Europe Produced an expensive dye Tupians wiped out mostly by disease Began importing slaves from Africa Portuguese Colonies

Jacques Cartier 1534 explored the coast of Canada Discovered the St Lawrence river claimed much of eastern Canada for France North America did not have vast treasures of gold and silver And no link to Asia French Colonies

First permanent French settlement not until 1608 Mostly fur traders and fishermen Called it New France King Louis the XIV Sent more soldiers and settlers Set up forts, missions, and trading posts from Canada to Louisiana The population never really grew French Colonies

John Cabot searched for a Northwest Passage to Asia Discovered a new found land, and called it… Newfoundland First permanent settlement not until 1607 Just one year before France’s first settlement Jamestown Not very profitable English Colonies

1620 – Another group of English settlers come to North America Pilgrims Protestants who rejected the Church of England Colonies settled for profit and for freedom Ruled by a Governor appointed by the King But mostly self-governed by representative assemblies English Colonies