A Flight Plan for Studying Statistics

The Scientific Procedure 1) Concepts (empirical and hypothetical) 2)Operational Definitions (measurement and procedure) 3) Hypotheses (type and timing) 4) Research Design (control and collection) 5) Data Analysis (structure and cause) 6) Write-up ( review and publication)

 Nominal  Ordinal  Interval  Ratio =, ~= =, ~=, > < =, ~=, > <, + - =, ~=, > <,+ -, x /

 Descriptive or Inferential  What level of measurement  How many variables or groups

 Descriptive  Inferential Non-Quantitative Quantitative Non-Quantitative Quantitative One = Z-test Two = t-test >Two = ANOVA One = %/Ratio/Rate Two = Crosstabs, P.R.E. One = Mean / SD Two = Correlation > Two = SEM > Two = Log Linear > Two = Logistic Regression Two = Wilcoxon, M-W One = Chi Square

Log Linear ANOVA Logistic Regression SEM Models D V Non-QuantitativeQuantitative Non-Quantitative Quantitative I V