-Rhondale Tso -Dr. Quentin Bailey (Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University) NASA Space Grant Presentation

Basics of General Relativity Einstein Tensor Energy-Momentum Tensor *Curvature is caused by the Energy and Momentum. *Matter changes the properties of spacetime.

*Gravity corresponds to changes in the properties of space and time. *Alters the straightest possible, or shortest, paths that objects naturally follow (including light!!). Light-ray

 Incompatible with Quantum Mechanics (so far).  Assumes local Lorentz symmetry (locally the lawsof physics obey special relativity).  Recent literature points to the possibility that LocalLorentz symmetry might be slightly broken.  Standard Model Extension (SME) frameworkdescribes this scenario general using modern"field theory"

 meson oscillations (BABAR, BELLE, DELPHI, FOCUS, KTeV, OPAL, …)  neutrino oscillations (MiniBooNE, LSND, Minos, Super K,… )  muon tests (Hughes, BNL g-2) Yale, …  spin-polarized torsion pendulum tests (Adelberger, Hou, …) U. of Washington  tests with resonant cavities (Lipa, Mueller, Peters, Schiller, Wolf, …)  Stanford, Institut fur Physik, Univ. West. Aust.  clock-comparison tests (Hunter, Walsworth, Wolf, …) Harvard-Smithsonian  Penning-trap tests (Dehmelt, Gabrielse, …) U. of Washington  Lunar laser ranging (Battat, Stubbs, Chandler) Harvard  Atom interferometric gravimeters (Chu, Mueller, …) Stanford  cosmological birefringence (Carroll, Jackiw, Mewes, Kostelecky) MIT, IU  pulsar timing (Altschul) South Carolina  synchrotron radiation (Altschul) South Carolina  Cosmic Microwave Background (Mewes, Kostelecky) Marquette U., IU

Standard Model Extension prediction: General Relativity prediction: Introduce “s-bar” coefficients. Due to curvature of spacetime light gets bent around massive objects; *SME prediction can be applied to the Lensing Equation. *S-bar coefficients tell whether Lorentz Violations affects gravity, if the S-bar=0, then no Lorentz Violations.

Light Bending

 Application to Light Bending is still underway. Future tests to detect deviations include:  Global Astrometric Interferometer for Astrophysics (GAIA), from the ESA.  Very Long Baseline Interferometer (VLBI).