Naming Compounds Day 2

1.Name each according to IUPAC rules: a) ZnS, b) FeCl 3, c) CaCO 3, d) P 2 O 5, e) NaCN, f) N 2 F 2, g) MgHPO 4, h) Cu(BrO 3 ) 2, i) K 2 O, j) BF 3 2.Give the valence of a) Fe in FeO, b) Mn in MnO 2 3. Write formulas for: a) sodium oxide, b) potassium iodide, c) plumbic sulfide, d) mercury(I) oxide, e) ferrous oxide, f) iron(II) phosphate, g) copper(II) fluoride, h) dichlorine monoxide, i) silver sulfide, j) magnesium nitride, k) aluminum hypochlorite, l) iodine pentafluoride, m) calcium chromate, n) diphosphorus pentasulfide Lesson Review

Answers – 1, 2 a)zinc sulfide b)iron(III) chloride c)calcium carbonate d)diphosporus pentoxide e)sodium cyanide f)dinitrogen difluoride g)magnesium hydrogen phosphate h)copper(II) bromate i)potassium oxide j)boron trifluoride 2 a) 2b) 4

Answers – 3 a)Na 2 O b)KI c)PbS 2 d)Hg 2 O e)FeO f)Fe 3 (PO 4 ) 2 g)CuF 2 h)Cl 2 O i)Ag 2 S j)Mg 3 N 2 k)Al(ClO) 3 l)IF 5 m)CaCrO 4 n)P 2 S 5

Properties of Acids All acids start with H (e.g. HCl, H 2 SO 4 ) 2 acid types exist: binary acids and oxyacids Each have different naming rules.

Naming Acids Binary Acids: Contain “H” and one other element Depends on the state of the acid To Name aqueous: (prefix) hydro- “nonmetal name” (suffix) –ic acid HCl (aq) hydrochloric acid H 2 S (aq) hydrosulfuric acid To Name non-aqueous (solid or gas): Hydrogen “nonmetal” – change the ending to -ide HCl (g) hydrogen chloride H 2 S (g) hydrogen sulfide

HBr(s) HI(aq) H 2 S(aq) H 2 S(g) hydrogen bromide hydr(o)iodic acid hydrogen sulfide hydrosulfuric acid

Naming Oxyacids Contain “H”, “O” and one more element Naming does not depend on the state (aq) Steps 1) name the polyatomic ion 2) replace -ate with ic, -ite with ous 3) change non-metal root for easier pronunciation 4) add “acid” to the name E.g. H 2 SO 3 1) sulphite, 2) sulphous, 3) sulphurous, 4) sulphurous acid

HNO 3 HNO 2 H 3 PO 4 H 3 PO 3 H 2 SO 4 H 2 SO 3 HClO 4 HClO 3 HClO 2 HClO nitric acid nitrous acid phosphoric acid phosphorous acid sulfuric acid sulfurous acid perchloric acid chloric acid chlorous acid hypochlorous acid

Naming Bases To name: “metal” + “hydroxide” Ex:NaOH = Sodium Hydroxide KOH = Potassium Hydroxide Bases contain an OH group C 6 H 12 O 6 does not have an OH group If an OH group is present it will be clearly indicated: e.g. NaOH, Ca(OH) 2 Also notice that bases have a metal (or positive ion such as NH 4 + at their beginning)

Ca(OH) 2 CuOH aluminum hydroxide ammonium hydroxide - calcium hydroxide - copper(I) hydroxide - Al(OH) 3 - NH 4 OH

Practicing Naming Acids & Bases FormulaBinary or Ternary Name HCl HI HNO 3 H 2 SO 4 H 3 PO 4 H 2 CO 3

Practicing Naming Acids & Bases FormulaBinary or Ternary Name HClBHydrochloric Acid HIBHydroiodic Acid HNO 3 TNitric Acid H 2 SO 4 TSulfuric Acid H 3 PO 4 TPhosphoric Acid H 2 CO 3 TCarbonic Acid

Some compounds contain H 2 O in their struc- ture. These compounds are called hydrates. This is different from (aq) because the H 2 O is part of the molecule (not just surrounding it). The H 2 O can usually be removed if heated. A dot separates water: e.g. CuSO 4 5H 2 O is copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate. A greek prefix indicates the # of H 2 O groups. Hydrates sodium sulfate decahydrate nickel(II) sulfate hexahydrate Na 2 CO 3 H 2 O BaCl 2 2H 2 O Na 2 SO 4 10H 2 O NiSO 4 6H 2 O sodium carbonate monohydrate barium chloride dihydrate