Chapter 24: World War I Section 3: Life on the Home Front Section 4: The Legacy of World War I

What people did to help at home: People bought war bonds People bought war bonds Farmers increased production Farmers increased production Unions agreed not to strike Unions agreed not to strike No gas or fuel on certain days No gas or fuel on certain days No wheat or meat on certain days No wheat or meat on certain days People grew their own food (Victory Gardens) People grew their own food (Victory Gardens) Instituted a draft (21-35 year old men Instituted a draft (21-35 year old men The government produced a lot of propaganda to promote the war effort The government produced a lot of propaganda to promote the war effort Posters, writings, movies, speeches, that try and influence people Loaning the government money – with an interest rate

It was a time when people looked down on Germans and anything German Berlin, Maryland became Brunswick. Berlin, Maryland became Brunswick. Sauerkraut became “liberty cabbage.” Sauerkraut became “liberty cabbage.” Frankfurters became hot dogs. Frankfurters became hot dogs. German Shepherds became police dogs. German Shepherds became police dogs.

And people who criticized or avoided the war usually got in trouble (The Espionage Act and The Sedition Act) Draft resisters were prosecuted. Draft resisters were prosecuted. Hundreds of war critics were put in jail. Hundreds of war critics were put in jail. Eugene Dobbs was put in jail for ten years – for giving a speech that said the war was being fought for the profits of big businessmen. Eugene Dobbs was put in jail for ten years – for giving a speech that said the war was being fought for the profits of big businessmen. The Supreme Court upheld the idea that free speech could be limited in wartime. The Supreme Court upheld the idea that free speech could be limited in wartime.

Another thing the war did: It opened up a lot of jobs for women (the men who had been doing them were off fighting). It opened up a lot of jobs for women (the men who had been doing them were off fighting). It opened up a lot of jobs for African Americans – but to get them they had to move to the North to the towns with factories. It opened up a lot of jobs for African Americans – but to get them they had to move to the North to the towns with factories. This time was called “the Great Migration.” This time was called “the Great Migration.” (When many African Americans moved from the South to the North) (When many African Americans moved from the South to the North)

1918 was also a terrible for time for everyone ’ s health There was a terrible flu epidemic that spread around the world (with no known cure). There was a terrible flu epidemic that spread around the world (with no known cure). It spread all over because of the soldiers going to and from the war. It spread all over because of the soldiers going to and from the war. 20 million people died (500,000 in the U.S.) 20 million people died (500,000 in the U.S.)

President Wilson had a plan for what Europe and the world should be like after WWI was over: It had 14 ideas/goals – so it was called “ Wilson ’ s 14 Points. ” It had 14 ideas/goals – so it was called “ Wilson ’ s 14 Points. ” This included forming a group called: “ The League of Nations ” where many countries would get together and look for peaceful solutions to their problems. This included forming a group called: “ The League of Nations ” where many countries would get together and look for peaceful solutions to their problems. Part of this plan was that Germany would have to pay reparations for what they did in starting and continuing the war. Part of this plan was that Germany would have to pay reparations for what they did in starting and continuing the war. Accept responsibility and pay for something

Besides the flu, there was another problem in America There was a lot of racial tension. There was a lot of racial tension. Soldiers who fought for their country came back and were still treated as second class citizens. Soldiers who fought for their country came back and were still treated as second class citizens. African Americans lost some of the jobs they gained in Northern cities and as result lost their homes. African Americans lost some of the jobs they gained in Northern cities and as result lost their homes. Many cities even had race riots (even Chicago – where one started when a black man floated into a white section at a beach). Many cities even had race riots (even Chicago – where one started when a black man floated into a white section at a beach).