Cognitive Approach The way I think is the way I behave…

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Holism vs. Reductionism. Copy down in your own words! Holism vs. Reductionism The holism reductionism debate in psychology refers to whether it is more.

Advertisements

The way I think is the way I behave…

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2004 Development Through the Lifespan Chapter 5 Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood This multimedia product and.

Research Methods & Approaches

COGNITIVE VIEWS OF LEARNING Information processing is a cognitive theory that examines the way knowledge enters and is stored in and retrieved from memory.

Module 14 Thought & Language. INTRODUCTION Definitions –Cognitive approach method of studying how we process, store, and use information and how this.

Organizational Notes no study guide no review session not sufficient to just read book and glance at lecture material midterm/final is considered hard.

The Mind, The Brain, Intelligence, and Cognition.

What is Cognitive Science? … is the interdisciplinary study of mind and intelligence, embracing philosophy, psychology, artificial intelligence, neuroscience,

Gestalt Principles Visual and Musical Examples. Sensation and Perception Sensation is the process of receiving stimuli (e.g., light and sound) from the.

What is Cognitive Science? … is the interdisciplinary study of mind and intelligence, embracing philosophy, psychology, artificial intelligence, neuroscience,

Cognitive Development of Preschoolers

Theories of Development. Cognitive Development Early psychologists believed that children were not capable of meaningful thought and that there actions.

Visualizing and Verbalizing

Cognitive level of Analysis

Theories relating to learning movement skills. Connectionist and associationist theories Depend on linking a stimulus to a response This S-R bond is stored.

Why Children Draw  To communicate their own feelings, ideas and experiences and express them in ways that someone else can understand.  Provides a nonverbal.

Cognitive Development: Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s Theories

Lecture 1 Note: Some slides and/or pictures are adapted from Lecture slides / Books of Dr Zafar Alvi. Text Book - Aritificial Intelligence Illuminated.

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Six Approaches to Psychology COGNITIVE APPROACH.  Cognition is the process by which the sensory input is transformed, reduced, elaborated, stored, recovered,

The context of the interface Ian Ruthven University of Strathclyde.

Cognitive Learning Theory Group 2: Akilah Al-Din Olabisi Asaya Sylvia Chamberlain Daniel Cheptumo.

+ Psychology’s Roots Founding & History of Psychology.

MODULE 23 COGNITION/THINKING. THINKING Thinking is a cognitive process in which the brain uses information from the senses, emotions, and memory to create.

Imagery and Mentoring Mentoring CPD & Supervision.

 Yesterday you learned:  A history of psychology  Schools of Psychology ▪ Structuralism- Wilhelm Wundt ▪ Functionalism- William James ▪ Behaviorism-

© 2013 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Thinking: Memory, Cognition, and Language Chapter 6.

Changing and reorganizing information stored in memory to create new or transformed information.

Demonstration and Verbal Instructions

The History of Psychology Chapter 1 Section 2. Where did the scientific method come from? Wilhelm Wundt – 1879 – Leipzig, Germany – First psychology laboratory.

MEANING OF LEARNING THEORIES OF LEARNING BEHAVIORAL THEORIES OF LEARNING 1 LEARNING AND LEARNING THEORIESLEARNING.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Chapter 1 Introduction and History of Psychology.

© 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Chapter 8: Cognition and Language.

EDN:204– Learning Process 30th August, 2010 B.Ed II(S) Sci Topics: Cognitive views of Learning.

Language A means of communication.. Language can be…..

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Human like intelligence Definitions: 1. Focus on intelligent Behaviour “Behaviour by a machine that, if performed by a human.

Thinking & Language Ms. Kamburov. Automatic vs. Effortful Processing Automatic Effortful O Barely noticing what you are doing as you do it, taking little.

Cognitive Processes Chapter 8. Studying CognitionLanguage UseVisual CognitionProblem Solving and ReasoningJudgment and Decision MakingRecapping Main Points.

 Today’s Agenda: ◦ Finish Emotional and Social Development  2 worksheets ◦ Begin Intellectual Development.

Strengths of the cognitive approach:

Todd Farchione, Ph.D. Tommy Chou, M.A.. Questions in Cognitive Psychology How do people manage the flow of information? How do people “decode” and store.

Issues in Decision Making Kahneman and Tversky – Representativeness heuristic How well does information match our representation of concept Stereotype,

Alice price rushmore.  Learn about your personality traits  Explore the different personalities  Discover your personal communication style.

Chapter 2: Capabilities of Human BeingsCopyright © 2004 by Prentice Hall Context Context plays a major role in what people see in an image Mind set: factors.

Cognitive Psychology. Overview What is Cognitive Psychology? Study of HOW the mind works, not WHY we do what we do Focuses on the day-to-day functions.

Intellectual Development

 How would you rate your memory? Does this number vary from day to day? Morning to evening?

Joe, wearing a mask and carrying an empty sack, leaves his house. He returns an hour later with a full sack. He goes into a room and turns out the light.

Chapter 2: Capabilities of Human BeingsCopyright © 2004 by Prentice Hall User-Centered Website Development: A Human- Computer Interaction Approach.

Perspectives in Psychology (2 pre-, 6 contemporary)

CURRICULUM MATERIALS. Curriculum materials States the learning objectives at the beginning of each chapter / topic Use multiple representation (concrete,

Cognitive Level of Analysis Unit 3. Cognition The mental act or process by which knowledge is acquired.

Approaches to the Study of Behavior

Chapter 11 Language. Some Questions to Consider How do we understand individual words, and how are words combined to create sentences? How can we understand.

Cognitive views on learning

Overview of Artificial Intelligence (1) Artificial intelligence (AI) Computers with the ability to mimic or duplicate the functions of the human brain.

Artificial intelligence (AI)

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Cognitive Processes: Thinking and Problem Solving

Cognitive Psychology.

Cognitive Psychology.

What Is Psychology? General Psychology Don’t miss the animation of

Cognitive Psychology.

What Is Psychology? General Psychology Don’t miss the animation of

The Cognitive Level of Analysis

Cognitive Psychology.

By Hassan sonbol Lecturer of psychiatry MUH

Introduction to psychology History– Lecture 9 Types of perception

Presentation transcript:

Cognitive Approach The way I think is the way I behave…

Focuses of Cognitive Approach The PROCESSES of thinking and memory Attention Imagery Creativity Problem solving Language use

Different from Learning approach (Behaviorists) Concerned with mental processes Concerned with what humans can perceive and communicate Focused on the mind. Literature frequently refers to the BLACK BOX of mental processing (we can’t see mental processing…) Use animals for MEMORY research

Big-deal Cognitive folks Noam Chomsky –Theories of language acquisition Norbert Wiener –computer simulations of thought… worked with cybernetics… tried to get computers to respond to different situations. Wolfgang Kohler –Gestalt theory… our mind fills in the blanks of perception (see next slide)

Happy/Sad/Surprised/Angry/Disgusted/Fearful ? Can You Tell ?

Gestalt Theory Gestalt is a german word that means Pattern Shape Figure Form Whole It is a theory that suggests we look at things as a whole… and we process information as a whole…

Gestalt Theory- everything is view in context… In learning, opposed to the reductionism of behaviourism, it concentrates on the way in which the mind insists on finding patterns in things, and how this contributes to learning, especially the development of “insight”.behaviourism

Gestalt slides A vase or two faces? According to the Gestalt theory, our mind can only see one image at a time.

Gestalt puzzle

To solve the puzzle, one must look at the whole concept or image…

Closure is a big gestalt concept

Mentally, we close the pictures … how could you interpret A,B,C,D?

How is thinking different from learning?

Thinking VS Learning Thinking More complex than learning Manipulates representations of the environment Applies perceptions, makes associations, furthers current cause Stimulus-stimulus reactions Learning Learning is stimulus- response interactions.

Activity Cognitive approach… Explain how it is different than the biological and behaviorist approach Which approach appeals to you the most? ADHD: This is a life-long issue for some people. How does each approach treat ADHD?

Two types of thinking Non-directed thinking Has no destination Reverie Free association Mind-wandering fantasy Directed thinking Aims toward a goal Problem solving Critical thinking Creativity Reasoning

Problem solving Convergent thinking Searches for one solution to a problem. Uses logic to find the ‘one right answer’ like in math problems Categorize events, and filter out the correct answer Divergent thinking Used in playing chess (several options must be considered…) Imagines many solutions Creativity is often measured by how many different solutions someone can come up with for a problem.