1 Building DRM 3.0 and Web 3.0 for Managing Context Across Multiple Documents and Organizations Mills Davis and Brand Niemann, SICoP Co-Chairs, and Lucian Russell, CSC January 18, 2007, for EPA February 6, 2007, for Special SICoP Conference

2 Overview 1. Brief Explanation of the Title 2. Examples of Each Concept in the Title 3. Data Architecture, Modeling, and Networks 4. SICoP Activities 5. Questions and Answers

3 1. Brief Explanation of the Title A. DRM 3.0 – Suggest change to DRM 2.0 to Unify Description and Context. –IKRIS Program and New ISO Standard for Common Logic. B. Web 3.0 – Model Documents on the Web. –Topics (unstructured data), Fields (semi-structured data) and Data Elements (structured data) can be give precise definitions within an overall context that can be reasoned over (e.g. WordNet ontology). C. Managing Context Across Multiple Documents and Organizations – Use Semantic Wikis for Collaboration. –Best Practice Examples: SICoP, CIA and NCOIC

4 2.A The FEA Data Reference Model 2.0 Source: Expanding E-Government, Improved Service Delivery for the American People Using Information Technology, December 2005, pp DRM 1.0 SICoP Ontologies All Three DRM 3.0 unify

5 2.B DRM 2.0 Implementation Metamodel Definitions: –Metamodel: Precise definitions of constructs and rules needed for abstraction, generalization, and semantic models. –Model: Relationships between the data and its metadata - W3C. –Metadata: Data about the data for: Discovery, Integration, and Execution. –Data: Structured e.g. Table, Semi-Structured e.g. , and Unstructured e.g. Paragraph. Source: Professor Andreas Tolk, 2005, and DRM 2.0 Implementation Through Iteration and Testing Report, October 15, Note: The Data Network makes these links visible and searchable!

6 2.B SICoP Knowledge Reference Model The point of this graph is that Increasing Metadata (from glossaries to ontologies) is highly correlated with Increasing Search Capability (from discovery to reasoning). Ontology

7 2.B Concept Map of DRM 2.0 Recall Slide 3 and see next slide for explanation. Is_a

8 2.B Concept Map of DRM 2.0 Essentially a Data Model of a Data Model! –PDF Version for Use in a Document, SVG Version for Use on the Web, XML Version for Structure, OWL Version for Semantic Relationships, and Simple Text Version. Source: Brand Niemann, Jr., Informal Communication, October 28, 2006, as part of the October 11, 2006, Birds of a Feather Meeting on National Information Sharing Standards at the Fifth Semantic Interoperability for E- Government Conference, October 10-11, – 10/NatilStandards_10_11_2006.doc –See Concept Maps Home Page at

9 2.C Semantic Wiki Data Networks Contents: –History –Semantic Wiki Pilots –Semantic Technologies & Interoperability –Enterprise Architecture –Data Architecture –XML –EPA –EPA Region 4 –Environmental Health –Webmaster

10 2.C Semantic Wiki Data Networks Contents: –Federal Environmental Statistics –Biological Resources –Sustainable Development Indicators and Industrial Ecology –Digital Library (State of the Environment and Federal Statistics) –Indicators –Community Programs –Semantic Interoperability –CEQ Roundtables –Webmaster

11 2.C Semantic Wiki Data Networks A software environment that can provide real-time, virtual representations of a business, industry or culture. A key differentiator is the Semantic Agent architecture: a model- driven architecture from the application layer down to its infrastructural levels. It utilizes packages of Semantic Agents to provide web service and web-enabled applications. These models can also be built from ontologies using OWL or RDF.

12 2.C Semantic Wiki Data Networks Knoodl is sort of an ontology editor, registry/repository, and wiki all rolled into an easy to use online application. –Upload an ontology you already have, or build one from scratch. –Add rich documentation with wikitext, so that other people can understand what your ontology is about. –Work with other people on the same vocabulary, at the same time –Find and download other ontologies and use them in semantic applications.

13 3. Data Architecture, Modeling, and Networks There is a need to understand the differences and relationships between these concepts: –See January 5, 2007, Briefing for EPA Enterprise Architecture Team. –Mappings (elegant): Data Architecture: DRM 3.0 Data Modeling: Web 3.0 Data Networks: Semantic Wikis

14 3. Definitions Data Architecture: Describes how data is processed, stored, and utilized in a given system. It provides criteria for data processing operations that make it possible to design data flows and also control the flow of data in the system. –A term commonly used in one of two senses: physical (e.g., servers) and logical or enterprise-wide (e.g. Zachman framework) Data Modeling: A model that describes in an abstract way how data are represented in a business organization, an information system, or a database management system. –Note: An Ontology is a data model that represents a domain and is used to reason about the objects in that domain and the relations between them. Data Networks: Communication of data between computers. –For example, a semantic service oriented architecture.

15 3. Examples of Definitions Example Data Architecture Data ModelingData Network DefinitionsSchematic of Data Flows RelationshipsData Services An ArchitectSketches and Drawings Blueprints and Scale Models Building An Enterprise Architect ArchitectInvestImplement ContentDRM 2.0 DRM 2.0 MetamodelWS Nodes in a SOA Concept MapKnowledge Representation OntologySemantic SOA State of the Environment Digital LibraryIndicator OntologySemantic SOA PerformanceSemantic WikiRelationships Wiki and WS Nodes in SOA Emergency Response Disaster EventEvent OntologySemantic SOA

16 4. SICoP Activities Chartered under the CIOC Best Practices Committee to do: –Achieve "semantic interoperability" and "semantic data integration" focused on the government sector. See Wikipedia at ty_Community_of_Practice –White Papers, Pilots, and Conferences: See Federal Government Wiki at

17 4. SICoP Activities For this project: –White Paper (Lucian Russell and Mills Davis): bin/wiki.pl?SICoPNSFMeeting_2007_01_16 –Pilots (Mills Davis): bin/wiki.pl?SICoPNSFMeeting_2007_01_16 –Conference (Lucian Russell and Brand Niemann): February 6, 2007: bin/wiki.pl?SICoPSpecialConference_2007_02_06

18 4. SICoP Activities Also see Federal Sitemaps Initiative: –See Federal Government Wiki at bin/wiki.pl?FederalSitemaps –Briefings to XML CoP (January 17 th ) Federal Web Content Managers Forum (February 15 th tentative), etc. –Briefing to EPA OEI, January 29 th

19 4. SICoP Activities February 16, 2005, SICoP's White Paper Series Module 1: Introducing Semantic Technologies and the Vision of the Semantic Web, accepted by the Best Practices Committee and referred to as "Data Architecture of the Future". October 15, 2005, SICoP, which led the DRM 2.0 Implementation Through Iteration and Testing (IT2), delivers White Paper that suggests evolving DRM 2.0 to a Knowledge Reference Model in which increasingly executable metadata provides increasing search and reasoning capability. IT2 evolves to the SICoP Semantic Wiki and Information Management (SWIM) WG to implementation of DRM 2.0 in Semantic Wikis. May 2-3, 2006, SICoP Participates in the AQUAINT Extravaganza and suggests collaboration with WordNet, etc. and the Semantic Wikis. October 10-11, 2006, The Best Presentation at the SICoP 5th Semantic Interoperability for E-Government Conference is Chris Welty (IBM) for Interoperable Knowledge Representation for Intelligence Support (IKRIS) and the Speical Recognition or Outstanding Contributions to the CoP is Jim Disbrow (US EIA) and Kyle Recsky (Visual Knowledge) for Testing the Visual Knowledge Semantic Wiki.

20 4. SICoP Activities October 11, 2006, The Role of DRM 2.0 “Context” in the Development of National Standards for Information Sharing: Presentation and Panel is featured at the the SICoP 5th Semantic Interoperability for E-Government Conference. November 20, 2006, Initial Report on Pilot Project on Ontologizing NSF Policy and Guidance Documents at the Best Practices Committee Meeting. November 27 – 1 December 2006, Network Centric Operations Industry Consortium November Plenary & Working Group Sessions Agenda. See Track 5B for SICoP Semantic Wiki Pilot with Visual Knowledge. December 4, 2006, First Meetings of the SICoP Vocabulary Management WG using the Revelytx Semantic Wiki called Knoodl. December 16, 2006, Federal Sitemaps Started by SICoP to Build DRM 3.0 and Web 3.0 in Collaboration with Google and Federal Agencies. (3DGC) January 8, 2007, CIA to Use Revelytx Semantic Wiki Called Knoodl To Manage Vocabularies. January 17, 2007, Briefing to XML CoP on Sitemaps as Part of Building DRM 3.0 and Web 3.0 by Managing Context Across Multiple Documents and Organizations.

21 4. SICoP Activities Interactions with the Data Architecture Subcommittee: –First FEA TEM (Beyond the Reference Models) at MITRE, September 7, 2006, told Suzanne Acar during panel discussion that SICoP was working on DRM 3.0. –2006 Federal IT Summit, October 4, 2006, Breakout Session on DRM 2.0, told Bryan Aucoin and Suzanne Acar that SICoP was working on DRM 3.0. –Birds of a Feather on National Information Sharing Standards, October 11, 2006, at the 5 th Semantic Interoperability Conference for E-Government discusses DRM 3.0. –Lucian Russell proposes February 6 th Conference, December 15, 2006, and Announcement is Distributed January 2, –Suzanne Acar announces at DAS, January 11, 2007, “DRM version 3.0 – Only if changes are requested.”

22 5. Questions and Answers Mills Davis: –Project10x and SICoP Co-Chair Brand Niemann: –EPA Enterprise Architecture Team and SICoP Co- Chair Lucian Russell: –CSC (until February 2, 2007)