Listening and Taking Lecture Notes

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Presentation transcript:

Listening and Taking Lecture Notes Chapter 10 Listening and Taking Lecture Notes

Listening Listening involves understanding what you are hearing and having the ability to hold verbal stimuli in working memory long enough to attach meaning to the words and to interpret what the speaker is saying. Listening is not the same as hearing. Listening is an active process that engages the listener in a variety of mental processes. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Communication Activity Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Factors that Influence Listening Your attitude The topic The speaker's qualities External distractors Personal factors Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Kinds of Listening Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Strategies for Active Listening Familiarize yourself with the topic before class. Prepare questions about the topic to increase interest and intention. Show a positive, respectful, attentive attitude. Use concentration strategies to combat external distractors. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Strategies for Active Listening (Cont) Create a relaxed state of mind; use relaxation techniques. Focus on the speaker's message by using verbal and nonverbal clues. Listen carefully in group activities and be open to other points of view. Ask clarifying questions, paraphrase, and respond to questions. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Steps in the Listening Process Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Create a Listening Goal Is your goal in a listening situation to: Acquire information? Analyze and interpret information? Empathize with someone's feelings, emotions, or situation? To enjoy and appreciate the speaker's message? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Essential Strategies to Strengthen Listening Skills Create an interest or a curiosity about the topic. Strive to develop the mental discipline to stay tuned in to the speaker. Attend to levels of information. Visualize the topic and the content. Monitor your emotional responses. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Essential Strategies to Strengthen Listening Skills (Cont) Ask clarifying questions. Paraphrase the speaker. Pay attention to nonverbal clues and body language. Discuss or explain the information to someone. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Essential Strategies to Prepare for Lectures Familiarize yourself with the topic before class. Familiarize yourself with new terminology, symbols, formulas, and equations. Ester the classroom with a positive, receptive attitude. Leave stress and emotional issues at the door. Take care of personal comfort needs before you enter the classroom. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Essential Strategies to Prepare for Lectures (Cont) Be mentally alert. Sit in the front of the room. Identify your listening goal. Set goals that include specific listening strategies to implement during the lecture. Be prepared with appropriate materials. Begin taking notes as soon as the lecture begins. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Options for Taking Lecture Notes The Cornell Notetaking System The Two-Column Notetaking System The Three-Column Notetaking System The Formal Outline Notetaking System The Taking Notes in Your Textbook System Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Techniques for Organizing Information 1. Listen for key words and signal headings and main points. 2. Listen for terminology and definitions. 3. Listen for important details. 4. Listen for ordinals. 5. Listen for examples. 6. Use verbal and nonverbal clues as signals. 7. Copy steps and explanations for math problems. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Speech, Writing, and Thinking Rates Average rate of speech during lectures: 100-125 wpm Average rate of writing: 30 wpm Average rate of thinking: 400 wpm Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Techniques for Adjusting to the Rate of Speech Paraphrase the speaker by shortening and rewording. Use abbreviations to reduce the amount of writing. Create a set of common symbols. Use a modified form of printing/writing. Keep writing. Stay focused. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Talking and Thinking Discrepancy Use the following techniques when the speaker is talking too slowly and your mind is wandering and you are losing your focus: Keep writing. Mentally summarize. Anticipate the next point. Mentally question the information. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Working With Your Lecture Notes Complete your notes after the lecture. Add more structure to your notes. Supplement your notes. Rewrite your notes when justified. Recite, reflect, and review your notes. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.