The Association of Knowledge with Concern About Global Warming: Trusted Information Sources Shape Public Thinking Ariel Malka, Jon Krosnick and Gary Langer By Thomas J. Gardner

Information Processing Scientific Findings 1234 Knowledge & Concern Risk Perceptions Political Party Affiliations Deterrent's to Learning 5678 Perceived Measures of Seriousness Demographics Personal Importance Trust in Science

Global Warming American’s Attitude Not a priority Premium Concern Public Perceptions Under informed Politicians Religion Climate Change Democrats believe humans are responsible Republicans believe a higher power controls destiny

REPUBLICANS More knowledge does not elicit more concern May have negative consequences Guided by Misinformation More information encourages behavior change Search for remedies Compare facts Believe in science DEMOCRATS Political Variable Trust in the Communicator Don’t forget Independents

Questions were rephrased How dangerous GW is to respondents How concerned are you about GW Perceptions of Effects

The temperature of the earth will rise from 2 degree Celsius to 6 degree Celsius glaciers and ice shelves around the world will start melting. Scientists project rising sea levels will increase Evidence of GW Effects Greenhouse Gases Carbon dioxide, methane and water vapor trap heat

Communicators Message Upton is "not convinced" that carbon needs to be regulated and denounces climate legislation as "an unconstitutional power grab that will kill millions of jobs." NatureNature described Lomborgs work as 'employs the strategy of those who argue that... Jews weren't singled out by the Nazis'. In his book The Skeptical Environmentalist. Lomborg claims: We will not lose our forests; we will not run out of energy, raw materials, or water. Palin continues to ridicule climate change as a "bunch of snake-oil science.” She disses climate scientists, trashes clean-energy jobs and throws her political weight behind candidates who deny the reality and risks of global warming.

The citizens and governments of other countries have reviewed the facts surrounding global warming and are making changes to reduce car emissions and regulate traffic. Politicians have endorsed these changes to protect future generations. Dispositions of Countries

Comparison Table Layout

Qualities of Knowledge Skeptical stance increasing

Social determinants of which information a citizen will accept and the style in how information is presented can decrease knowledge volume and evoke less concern according to Malka and associates. Information Sources Star Burst!

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Malka says party identification will actually rule over any logical or rational thoughts or behavior changes. The main discourse is a distrust in scientific research. More exposure to information did not increase knowledge but actually had a negative interaction that increased further denial. Malka says these skeptics rarely internalize information that cast doubt upon their schema. Democrats vs. Republicans Blue states vs. Red states

According to Priest, attitude formation supersedes knowledge about global warming. Even through we are the greatest country on earth we are polarized by what the media tells us. Our risk society is brainwashed to accept that certain environmental and health risks are inevitable. Evidence dictates that America is underinformed and confused about GW. Mass Media

In this diagram, measures of concern have positive interactions with knowledge. There are several dominions of communication that can lead to a positive result. Participants are constantly segmented over time to focus on individual indifference or non- compliance. Johnson believes that definitions of the quality of knowledge and in what framework information is presented shows heuristics play a vital role. Temporal Sequenced Changes