Multivariate Description
What Technique? Response variable(s)... Predictors(s) No Predictors(s) Yes... is one distribution summary regression models... are many indirect gradient analysis (PCA, CA, DCA, MDS) cluster analysis direct gradient analysis constrained cluster analysis discriminant analysis (CVA)
Raw Data
Linear Regression
Two Regressions
Principal Components
Gulls Variables
Scree Plot
Output > gulls.pca2$loadings Loadings: Comp.1 Comp.2 Comp.3 Comp.4 Weight Wing Bill H.and.B > summary(gulls.pca2) Importance of components: Comp.1 Comp.2 Comp.3 Standard deviation Proportion of Variance Cumulative Proportion
Bi-Plot
Male or Female?
Linear Discriminant > gulls.lda <- lda(Sex ~ Wing + Weight + H.and.B + Bill, gulls) lda(Sex ~ Wing + Weight + H.and.B + Bill, data = gulls) Prior probabilities of groups: Group means: Wing Weight H.and.B Bill Coefficients of linear discriminants: LD1 Wing Weight H.and.B Bill
Discriminating
Relationship between PCA and LDA
CVA