1 EMT 251/4 INTRODUCTION TO IC DESIGN Mr. Muhammad Imran bin Ahmad Profesor N.S. Murthy
2 Teaching Plan EMT251 Module Aims
3 Course Outcome CO1: Students will be able to design and simulate logic circuits at transistor level using schematic entry as well as netlists format. CO2: Students will be able to produce the layout design of a circuit based on the design rules specified. CO3: Students will be able to analyze CMOS transistor characteristics. CO4: Students will be able present their mini project individually in a viva session.
4 Laboratory (IC Design Lab, 9 th Floor, KWSP) Lab 1, Week2 : Netlist Lab 2, Week3 : Schematic design Lab 3, Week4 : Layout design Lab 4, Week5 : DRC and LVS Week6 – 13 : Mini Project Week14 : Demo & Viva
5 CAD Tools Mentor Graphics software (Linux OS): Text Editor - Netlist Design Architect - Schematic IC Station - Layout Xelga- Simulation Calibre DRC- DRC Calibre LVS- LVS
6 Reading Lists 1) Neil H.E. Weste and Daid Harris, CMOS VLSI Design- A Circuits and Systems Perspective, Prentice Hall, Text Book 2) Kang, Sung-Mo and Leblebici, Yusuf, CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits- Analysis and Design, McGraw-Hill, ) Hodges, David A. et al, Analysis and Design of Digital Integrated Circuits in Deep Submicron Technology, Mc- Graw-Hill, ) Uyemura, J. P., Introduction to VLSI Circuits and Systems, John Wiley, ) Rabaey, J. M. et al, Digital Integrated Circuits – A Design Perspective, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2002.
7 Evaluation Final Exam – 50% Course Work– 50% Test 1 = 10 % Test 2 = 10 % Lab Test = 15 % Mini project = 15 % (viva,demo,paper)
8 EXPECTATIONS Attend classes and labs. Find out what you’ve missed if you’re absent. Come earlier than the lecturer/engineers. Log on to portal regularly. Ask lecturer/engineers whenever have any problems related with the subject.
9 The First Computer
10 ENIAC - The first electronic computer (1946)
11 The Transistor Revolution First transistor Bell Labs, 1948
12 The First Integrated Circuits ECL 3-input Gate Motorola 1966 Bipolar logic 1960’s
13 Intel 4004 Micro-Processor transistors 1 MHz operation
14 Moore’s Law lIn 1965, Gordon Moore noted that the number of transistors on a chip doubled every 18 to 24 months. lHe made a prediction that semiconductor technology will double its effectiveness every 18 months
15 Moore’s Law
16 Transistor Counts
17 Moore’s law in Microprocessors
18 Die Size Growth
19 Frequency
20 Scaling…. Technology shrinks by 0.7/generation With every generation can integrate 2x more functions per chip; chip cost does not increase significantly Cost of a function decreases by 2x But … How to design chips with more and more functions? Design engineering population does not double every two years… Hence, a need for more efficient design methods Exploit different levels of abstraction
21 Design Abstraction Levels
22 Design Metrics How to evaluate performance of a digital circuit (gate, block, …)? Cost Reliability Scalability Speed (delay, operating frequency) Power dissipation Energy to perform a function
23 Die Single Die Wafer
24 WHAT IS IC? ICs on PCB IC Package Inside IC Wafer
25 = = IC Layout IC Schematic
26 Why VLSI? Integration improves the design Lower parasitics = higher speed Lower power consumption Physically smaller Integration reduces manufacturing cost - (almost) no manual assembly