Cell Structure

1/6/15 Cells Key Question: How are cells structured and organized? Initial Thoughts:

Bill Nye Movie Evidence #1: Bill Nye Movie Cells 27JMqi0

Evidence #2: Notes & Diagrams Take notes from the PowerPoint.

What is the difference between a single cell and cells working together? Cell Specialization by Brainpop Single Cells do everything by themselves; Cells in tissues and organs divide up the work!

Cells are… Definition: The basic unit of life Organizational hierarchy of organisms from simplest to most complex Cells produce tissues Tissues produce organs Organs produce organ systems Organs systems produce organisms

Cell Theory All living things are made of cells

The discovery of cells Robert Hooke discovered the first cells. Cork Cells were thought to have been these cells.

Anton von Leeuwenhoek was first to observe one celled living things. Examples of these were bacteria and parameciums.

Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Prokaryotic Cells : NO NUCLEUS Example : Bacteria Eukaryotic Cells : Have a TRUE NUCLEUS Example : all cells in your body

Create 2 columns: Cell PartFunction

CELL PART: CYTOPLASM FUNCTION: Gel-like material inside cells

CELL PART: CELL MEMBRANE FUNCTION: “GATE KEEPER”— Controls what goes in and out

CELL PART: NUCLEUS FUNCTION: Directs all cell activities With the electron microscop e

CELL PART: NUCLEOLUS FUNCTION: Helps to make ribosomes; Found inside nucleus

CELL PART: Endoplasmic Reticulum or ER FUNCTION: Pathway for moving materials through cell (the “express-way”)

CELL PART: RIBOSOMES FUNCTION: Make protein! Under the electron microscope: A simple diagram

CELL PART: MITOCHONDRIA FUNCTION: Releases energy in the cell; the “powerhouse” Under the electron microscope:

CELL PART: CHROMATIN (DNA) FUNCTION: Contains genes or instructions for cell’s activities (found in nucleus) Under the electron microscope:

CELL PART: CHLOROPLAST FUNCTION: Converts sunlight into cell energy (Found in plants ONLY!) Under the microscope

CELL PART: CELL WALL FUNCTION: The outer structure in plant cells; made of cellulose Under the microscope

CELL PART: VACUOLES FUNCTION: Store water, food, and waste products; Very large in plant cells, small in animal cells Under the microscope

CELL PART: GOLGI BODIES FUNCTION: Nicknamed “UPS”— Packages & secrete substances made inside the cell Under the microscope

CELL PART: LYSOSOMES FUNCTION: Digests cell wastes “garbage disposal” Under the microscope

CELL PART: Centriole FUNCTION: Help direct cell division during mitosis; only in animal cells

What are the two parts that plant cells have that animal cells do not have? Cell Walls Chloroplasts

Draw an animal and plant cell Cell Games: atomy/cell/index.htm Using this powerpoint and the Cell Games Link, draw and label an animal and plant cell.

Animal Cell

Plant Cell

Analysis Questions 1.What are the differences between a eukaryotic cell and a prokaryotic cell? Give examples of organisms of each. 2.What is the job of the cell membrane? Why would this be important to a cell? 3.Compare and contrast plant cells and animal cells. (How are they different? How are they the same?)

Summary In a well developed paragraph: –What did you think before about how cells are structured? (look back at your initial thoughts) –What did you learn about how cells are structured? Be specific! (look back at your evidence section). –What evidence do you have that you learned this? –Further Thoughts Make sure this is thoughtful and thorough.

Reflection Draw a picture of how cells are organized to make complex organisms. Cells  tissues  organs  organ systems  organisms

Big Idea: Cells Cells are the building blocks of life Cells  tissues  organs  organ systems  organisms Organelles each have a different job Prokaryotic cells don’t have a nucleus; Eukaryotic cells do.