Reconstruction APUSH - Spiconardi

Major Questions How should the South be rebuilt? ??? How should states that seceded be reintegrated? How should former slaves be integrated into the reunified nation? ???

Lincoln’s Plan Reconciliation and Reunion Rebellious states could return to the Union when 10 percent of it voters took an oath of loyalty The state approved the Thirteenth Amendment Confederate States would reject this plan Lincoln was willing to pardon all the but the highest-ranking military and civilian leaders of the Confederacy

Wade-Davis Bill Congress proposed a tougher plan, the Wade-Davis Bill Confederate States could rejoin the Union when A majority of each state’s white males pledged allegiance to the Union A new state government was formed by Southerners who had not taken arms against the Union Permanent disenfranchisement of Confederate leaders Lincoln pocket vetoes the bill

Lincoln Assassinated

Andrew Johnson President Johnson was a loyal Tennessee senator at the outbreak of the war Fancied himself a “common man” Supported by farmers and laborers Hated southern aristocracy Offers his reconstruction plan, which is dubbed “Presidential Reconstruction” (1865 – 1867)

Andrew Johnson Presidential Reconstruction Pardoned nearly all white southerners who took an oath of allegiance Only Confederate leaders and planters whose property had been valued at $20,000 or more were excluded However, if they personally asked for a presidential pardon, Johnson obliged Johnson appointed governors to oversee state conventions that were establishing new loyal state governments

Radical Republicans Thaddeus Stevens Andrew Johnson Three Radical Republican Policies Johnson’s Reaction to Radical Republican Policies The whole fabric of southern society must be changed. Without this, this Government can never be, as it has never been, a true republic.

Black Codes Black Codes  laws passed by southern state legislatures to restrict the rights of former slaves and continue white hegemony Examples: Blacks could not testify against whites in court Blacks could not serve on juries Blacks not allowed to vote Blacks had to work on plantations Black laborers who did not sign one year contracts could be arrested and hired out to white landowners * The Civil Rights Act of 1866 would bring an end to many black codes

Freedmen’s Bureau Freedmen’s Bureau Reconstruction agency established in 1865 to protect the legal rights of former slaves and to assist with their education, jobs, health care, and landowning Investigated abuses by the South towards blacks