Ch. 8 Chemical Signals – Maintaining Homeostasis The Endocrine System.

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Presentation transcript:

Ch. 8 Chemical Signals – Maintaining Homeostasis The Endocrine System

Homeostasis What is it ?? Looked at Autonomic Nervous System Discussed Sympathetic (stress) & Parasympathetic (return) These systems work in conjunction with the Endocrine System

What is it ? The endocrine system is a collection of glands that secrete chemical messages we call hormones Hormone: A chemical substance secreted by a gland which provokes a response in other cells.

Purpose 1) Overall metabolism 2) Maintain homeostasis 3) Growth 4) Reproduction 5) Mood

Main Components Hypothalamus Endocrine Gland A tissue which releases (secretes) a substance (hormone) into the blood stream; this substance then travels via the blood to influence target cells A tissue which releases (secretes) a substance (hormone) into the blood stream; this substance then travels via the blood to influence target cells

Therefore…. The Endocrine System works together with the Nervous System to provide control over the entire body. Note: 1) NS  Adjusts quickly 2) ES  Adjusts over longer periods of time.

How Much ?? Only a small amount of a hormone is required to alter cell metabolism

Hormones Already stated that: Hormones are chemicals that are secreted into the blood stream by the endocrine glands Hormones are received by target cells throughout the body Target cells have receptor proteins that help determine the response to the hormone Different hormone/receptor combinations cause different responses

In The Blood Stream

Types of Hormones

Steroid Hormones Lipid soluble…means ??

Target Cell Creates Response

Structure Steroid hormones are created by modifying cholesterol molecules

Visualize… Steroid Hormone Video

Peptide and Amine Hormones Peptide and Amine hormones are large molecules that are not lipid soluble and cannot enter target cells directly. Also referred to as Protein Hormones

Visualize….. Peptide Hormone Peptide Hormone

Importance of cAMP In Peptide and Amine hormones cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) acts as a messenger. cAMP activate enzymes which continue the process. This pathway is known as the signal- transduction-pathway.

Practice… P. 377 Q