NUCLEAR CHANGES CHAPTER 7

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Presentation transcript:

NUCLEAR CHANGES CHAPTER 7

WHAT IS RADIOACTIVITY? 7.1

RADON RADON GAS IS A RADIOACTIVE GAS THAT IS A THREAT TO THE HEALTH OF MANY PEOPLE. THE RISK IS GREATEST IN THE BASEMENTS OF HOMES AND OTHER BUILDINGS.

RADON RISK IN WISCONSIN

LEARN ABOUT RADON Radon Home Page

NUCLEAR RADIATION RADIOACTIVITY – process…. NUCLEAR RADIATION – particles…

TYPES OF RADIATION (particles or energy) ALPHA - BETA - GAMMA - NEUTRON EMISSION -

NUCLEAR DECAY ALPHA DECAY – 2 PROTONS AND NEUTRONS ARE LOST SO THE ATOM CHANGES ITS IDENTITY. BETA DECAY – AN ELECTRON FROM A NEUTRON IS LOST SO A NEUTRON BECOMES A PROTON AND THE ATOM CHANGES. GAMMA DECAY – ONLY ENERGY IS LOST SO THE ATOMIC NUMBER DOES NOT CHANGE.

RADIOACTIVE DECAY RATES HALF-LIFE - 1. HALF LIVES CAN VARY IN LENGTH 2. MAY BE USED TO ESTIMATE AGE 3. CARBON 14 IS A RADIOACTIVE FORM OF CARBON USED TO DATE ORGANIC MATERIALS.

NUCLEAR FISSION AND FUSION 7.2

STRONG NUCLEAR FORCE HOLDS THE NUCLEUS TOGETHER IT OPPOSES THE ELECTRICAL FORCE THAT IS REPULSIVE. TOO MANY PROTONS OR NEUTRONS CAUSE THE NUCLEUS TO BECOME UNSTABLE

NUCLEAR FISSION FISSION - 1. FISSION OF ONE ATOM CAN START A CHAIN REACTION OF MORE FISSIONS. 2. URANIUM 235 IS THE ATOM USED FOR FISSION REACTIONS IN BOMBS AND NUCLEAR REACTORS.

NUCLEAR FUSSION FUSSION - 1. LARGE AMOUNTS OF ENERGY ARE NEEDED TO START FUSSION REACTIONS. 2. FOUR HYDROGEN ATOMS FUSE TO PRODUCE HELIUM AND ENERGY.

DANGERS AND BENEFITS OF NUCLEAR RADIATION 7.3

BACKGROUND RADIATION IS NATURAL AND USUALLY NOT DANGEROUS. SOURCES ARE: _____, _____, _____, _____.

DANGERS 1. RADIATION CAN CHANGE ATOMS IN LIVING TISSUE. 2. HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF RADON GAS CAN BE DANGEROUS. 3. HIGH LEVELS OF RADIATION CAN CAUSE RADIATION SICKNESS. 4. RADIATION CAN CAUSE GENETIC MUTATIONS. 5. NUCLEAR REACTORS PRODUCE RADIOACTIVE WASTE THAT NEED TO BE STORED.

BENEFITS SMOKE ALARMS CANCER TREATMENT RADIOACTIVE TRACERS ARE USED IN MEDICINE AND OTHER SCIENCES. NUCLEAR POWER