Defining Our Terms: Mythology. myth What is a myth?  No single, comprehensive definition exists  Popular definition: a false story; hyperbole  Mythos:

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Presentation transcript:

Defining Our Terms: Mythology

myth What is a myth?  No single, comprehensive definition exists  Popular definition: a false story; hyperbole  Mythos: utterance, speech, story A story about the gods or supernatural beings and their relationship with humans

Functions of myths “A myth is true because it is effective.” -Karen Armstrong

Theorist: Joseph Campbell ( ) “Myth is a harmonizing force”  Two Orders of Myth  Socially-oriented mythology  Nature-oriented mythology  4 Functions  Mystical  Cosmological  Sociological  Pedagogical

Joseph Campbell: 4 Functions 1. Mystical- “Awaken us to the mystery and wonder of creation” “Myth opens the world to the dimension of mystery.”

Joseph Campbell: 4 Functions II. Cosmological- myths gives us a shape or image of the universe and cosmos. “Every corner, every rock, hill, stone, and flower has its place and its meaning in the cosmological scheme which the myth provides.”

Joseph Campbell: 4 Functions III. Sociological- “Supports and validates a social order; defines morals and laws”

Joseph Campbell: 4 Functions IV. Pedagogical- “teaches you how to live a human life under any circumstances”

Joseph Campbell: Two Orders of Mythology  Socially-oriented mythology Teaches that the center is the group.  Nature-oriented mythology Teaches that the center is the earth.

Ancient Mesopotamia