This research is funded in part through a U.S. Health Resources and Services Administration, State Planning Grant to the Hawaii State Department of Health. Sub-Contract Research Corporation of the University of Hawaii. Research conducted by the University of Hawaii, Social Science Research Institute in collaboration with the Hawaii State Department of Health, Hawaii Institute for Public Affairs: Hawaii Uninsured Project and the Hawaii Health Information Corporation. 1 Uncovered Workers in Hawai`i— Part-Time, Full-Time and Self- Employed: Estimates from the Current Population Survey (CPS) Sang-Hyop Lee, Ph.D. Gerard Russo, Ph.D. Lawrence Nitz, Ph.D. Abdul Jabbar, Ph.D. Candidate University of Hawai`i at Mānoa Hawai`i Coverage for All Project Hawaii HRSA SPG Technical Workshop VI 17 September 2004

Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 2 Research Questions How Many Uninsured Adults are Working? How Many are Self-Employed? Not Covered by Pre-Paid Health Care Act. How Many are Part-Time Employees? Not Covered by Pre-Paid Health Care Act. How Many are Full-Time Employees? Typically Should be Covered by Pre-Paid Health Care Act.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 3 Current Population Survey (CPS) Annual Social and Economic Supplement: Hawai´i Sample Survey Year Hawaii Sample Size Total16510

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 4 Age Distribution of Hawaii’s Uninsured Population: CPS , 10-year Average 112,565 25,669 84,369 2,527

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 5 Uninsured Adults Age by FPL: CPS , 10-Year Average

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 6 Three Measures of Hours Worked: Current Population Survey Usual hours worked per week at all jobs held last year. Usual hours worked per week at all jobs held last week. Usual hours worked per week at main job held last week.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 7 Number of Insured Adults Age by Usual Hours Worked per Week at All Jobs Held Last Year and Employment Status Part-Time 1-19 hours Full-Time 20+ hours OthersTotal Self- Employed 4,24547,428051,673 Employee 23,400462, ,827 Others 0091,469 Total 27,644509,85691,469628,969 Note: Weighted Tabulations CPS Hawaii Sample, 10-year Average

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 8 Number of Uninsured Adults Age by Usual Hours Worked per Week at All Jobs Held Last Year and Employment Status Part-Time 1-19 hours Full-Time 20+ hours OthersTotal Self- Employed 1,15710,922012,079 Employee 5,07043,936049,006 Others 0023,284 Total 6,22754,85823,28484,369 Note: Weighted Tabulations CPS Hawaii Sample, 10-year Average.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 9 Number of Insured Adults Age by Usual Hours Worked per Week at All Jobs held Last Week and Employment Status Part-Time 1-19 hours Full-Time 20+ hours OthersTotal Self- Employed 6,30543,4143,57753,296 Employee 28,624382,63037,902449,156 Others 00126,517 Total 34,929426,044167,996628,969 Note: Weighted Tabulations CPS Hawaii Sample, 10-year Average.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 10 Number of Uninsured Adults Age by Usual Hours Worked per Week at All Jobs held Last Week and Employment Status Part-Time 1-19 hours Full-Time 20+ hours OthersTotal Self- Employed 1,0359, ,571 Employee 5,59734,15510,04649,799 Others 0023,000 Total 6,63243,48134,25584,369 Note: Weighted Tabulations CPS Hawaii Sample, 10-year Average.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 11 Part-Time 1-19 hours Full-Time 20+ hours OthersTotal Self- Employed 3,59738,69211,00753,296 Employee 17,806364,65566,695449,156 Others 00126,517 Total 21,403403,348204,219628,969 Note: Weighted Tabulations CPS Hawaii Sample, 10-year Average. Number of Insured Adults Age by Usual Hours Worked per Week at Main Job held Last Week and Employment Status

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 12 Number of Uninsured Adults Age by Usual Hours Worked per Week at Main Job held Last Week and Employment Status Part-Time 1-19 hours Full-Time 20+ hours OthersTotal Self- Employed 7287,6683,16411,571 Employee 4,30231,37614,12049,799 Others 0023,000 Total 5,04039,04540,28484,369 Note: Weighted Tabulations CPS Hawaii Sample, 10-year Average.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 13 Distribution of Insured Adults Age by Employment: Summary All Jobs Last Year All Jobs Last Week Main Job Last Week Self- Employed 51,67353,296 Part-Time 1-19 hours 23,40028,62417,806 Full-Time 20+ hours 462,427382,630364,655 Other91,469164,419193,212 TOTAL628,969 Note: Weighted Tabulations CPS Hawaii Sample, 10-year Average.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 14 Distribution of Uninsured Adults Age by Employment: Summary All Jobs Last Year All Jobs Last Week Main Job Last Week Self- Employed 12,07911,571 Part-Time 1-19 hours Full-Time 20+ hours 43,97634,15531,376 Other23,28433,04637,120 TOTAL84,369 Note: Weighted Tabulations CPS Hawaii Sample, 10-year Average.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision ,369 Uninsured Adults Age Start with Usual Hours Worked per Week at All Jobs Held Last Year: Matches Insurance Question Exclude the Unemployed and Not-in-Labor Force Exclude Self-Employed Exclude Employees with Two or More Employers Exclude Unpaid Workers Split Between Public and Private Sector PLEASE NOTE: The Uninsured Private Sector are Mostly Non-Union

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 16 Percent Distribution of Uninsured Workers by Usual Hours Worked per Week All Jobs Last Year: Self-Employed & Employees 61,085 Uninsured Adults Age Self-Employed + Employees NOTE: Probability density function computed from the CPS Hawaii sample.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 17 Percent Distribution of Uninsured Workers by Usual Hours Worked per Week at All Jobs held Last Year: Employees 49,006 Uninsured Adults Age Employees NOTE: Probability density function computed from the CPS Hawaii sample.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 18 Percent Distribution of Uninsured Workers by Usual Hours Worked per Week at All Jobs held Last Year: Employees with one Employer 40,450 Uninsured Adults Age Employees with one Employer NOTE: Probability density function computed from the CPS Hawaii sample.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 19 Percent Distribution of Uninsured Workers by Usual Hours Worked per Week at All Jobs held Last Year: Paid Employees with One Employer 40,255 Uninsured Adults Age Paid Employees with One Employer NOTE: Probability density function computed from the CPS Hawaii sample.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 20 Percent Distribution of Uninsured Workers by Usual Hours Worked per Week at All Jobs held Last Year: Paid Public Sector Employees with One Employer 5,190 Uninsured Adults Age Paid Public Sector Employees with One Employer NOTE: Probability density function computed from the CPS Hawaii sample.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 21 Percent Distribution of Uninsured Workers by Usual Hours Worked per Week at All Jobs held Last Year: Paid Private Sector Employees with One Employer NOTE: Probability density function computed from the CPS Hawaii sample. 35,365 Uninsured Adults Age Paid Private Sector Employees with One Employer

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision ,369 Uninsured Adults Age Start with Usual Hours Worked per Week at Main Job Held Last Week: Accurate Recall & One Job Exclude the Unemployed and Not-in-Labor Force Exclude Self-Employed Exclude Unpaid Workers Split Between Public and Private Sector PLEASE NOTE: The Uninsured Private Sector are Mostly Non-Union

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 23 Percent Distribution of Uninsured Workers by Usual Hours Worked per Week at Main Jobs held Last Week: Self-Employed & Employees 44,085 Uninsured Adults Age Self-Employed & Employees NOTE: Probability density function computed from the CPS Hawaii sample.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 24 Percent Distribution of Uninsured Workers by Usual Hours Worked per Week at Main Jobs held Last Week: Employees 35,678 Uninsured Adults Age Employees NOTE: Probability density function computed from the CPS Hawaii sample.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 25 Percent Distribution of Uninsured Workers by Usual Hours Worked per Week at Main Jobs held Last Week: Paid Employees 35,356 Uninsured Adults Age Paid Employees NOTE: Probability density function computed from the CPS Hawaii sample.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 26 Percent Distribution of Uninsured Workers by Usual Hours Worked per Week at Main Jobs held Last Week: Paid Public Sector Employees 4,859 Uninsured Adults Age Paid Public Sector Employees NOTE: Probability density function computed from the CPS Hawaii sample.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 27 Percent Distribution of Uninsured Workers by Usual Hours Worked per Week at Main Jobs held Last Week: Paid Private Sector Employees 30,497 Uninsured Adults Age Paid Private Sector Employees NOTE: Probability density function computed from the CPS Hawaii sample.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 28 Uninsured Employees Age by Major Industry: CPS Year Average MAJOR INDUSTRY UNINSURED EMPLOYEES Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting 1,893 Mining 83 Construction 1,963 Manufacturing 1,172 Wholesale & Retail Trade 10,304 Transportation and Utilities 2,162 Information and Communications 525 Financial, Insurance, Real Estate Activities 1195 Services 14,914 Public Administration 1,467 TOTAL 35,678

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 29 Some Examples Wholesale & Retail Trade Motor Vehicle Dealerships Alcoholic Beverage Wholesaler Drug Stores, Department Stores, Florist Shops, Grocery Stores, etc. Services Legal, Accounting, Engineering, Architectural, Advertising, etc. Educational and Health Services Hotel and Restaurant Services Auto Repair & Maintenance, Barber Shops, Beauty Salons, Car Washes, Nail Salons, Funeral Homes

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 30 Employees Age by Major Industry and Insurance Status: CPS Year Average (1 to 40+ Hours Main Job) MAJOR INDUSTRYINSUREDUNINSURED Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting 7,8281,893 Mining 9183 Construction 20,4641,963 Manufacturing 15,3191,172 Wholesale & Retail Trade 83,76810,304 Transportation and Utilities 31,6232,162 Information and Communications 5, Financial, Insurance, Real Estate Activities 25,4031,195 Services 153,01814,914 Public Administration 39,2231,467 TOTAL 382,46135,678

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 31 Summary If we look at 10-years of CPS data, we find there are approximately 25,000-30,000 uninsured employees per year working full-time in private-sector positions which are non-union jobs. By CPS estimates, these uninsured full-time private- sector workers represent 20-25% of Hawaii’s uninsured population. It seems plausible that many, if not most, of these workers should be subject to the provisions of the Pre-Paid Health Care Act of 1974 and therefore, covered by health insurance. This inference assumes CPS responses are valid and reliable.

17 September 2004Preliminary Results. Subject to revision. 32 Mahalo! This research is funded in part by U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Health Resources & Services Administration State Planning Grant Hawaii State Department of Health.