AMFUCoimbatorePalampurJothpur LocationCoimbatore Kangra Kullu Jothpur Crop – RainfedSorghumWheat 1.Preal millet 2.Clusterbean Crop – IrrigatedMaize - Rice Wheat Apple Mustard Cumin Season Rainfed sorghum: Sep - Dec Irrigated Maize – June Irrigated Rice – Sep - February Wheat: October - May Pearl millet & Cluster bean : June-Sep Mustard and Cumin : November – February Enterprise : Livestock Dairy Poultry Goat Poultry Sheep & Goat Dairy Limiting factors Climate related to crop production Rainfall isk and vulnerability factors Rainfall & Temperature Risk and vulnerability factors Rainfall Temperature Risk and vulnerability factors Climate related to Pest & Diseases Temperature Humidity Wind Temperature Humidity Wind Temperature Humidity Wind

AMFUCoimbatorePalampurJothpur Data – available Climate 50 years (1961) 35 years (From 1975) (Palampur) 27 years(From 1982) (Kullu) 37 years (From 1971) Crop yield Data District 25 years – for all the key crops 25 years – Study crops 30 years University farm data 20 years – study crops 27 years- Pest and disease data 10 years-- Data neededAvailable historical data with IMD for Ainashi Available historical data with IMD for Kullu & Nurpur Available historical data with IMD for Jothpur

AMFUCoimbatorePalampurJothpur Climatic Risk analysis Thresholds in rainfall and temperatures Dry spells and wet spells Onset of monsoon Soil moisture Sowing rain : 25 mm in the 3 rd week of Sept. Intermittent dry spell for more than 2 weeks during November Delayed onset of NE monsoon beyond 20 th October Sowing rain : 25 mm in the 3 rd week of Oct & 2 nd fortnight of May. Intermittent dry spell for more than 2 weeks during July, August Minimum temp. For apple : Dec – Jan Delay in WD Sowing rain : 25 mm in the 1 st week of Juluy. Intermittent dry spell for more than 2 weeks July & August Delayed onset of SW monsoon beyond 25 th July Identification of critical crop stage Germination, Flowering, Grain filling Apple : Bud initiation Germination, Flowering, Grain filling

AMFUCoimbatorePalampurJothpur CRM tools Used at present Trend analysis : Linear Crop model Hydrological model SCF : Australian Rainman Statistical relationship on pest & Disease Trend analysis : Linear Crop model Statistical relationship on pest & Disease - Required tools Optimisation of combination of enterprises Quantification of risk on crops Risk maps and risk zonation Remote sensing - GIS; Satellite imagery LISS IV & LISS III Optimisation of combination of enterprises Quantification of risk on crops Risk maps and risk zonation Remote sensing - GIS; Satellite imagery LISS IV & LISS III Optimisation of combination of enterprises Quantification of risk on crops Risk maps and risk zonation

AMFUCoimbatorePalampurJothpur Preparation and Dissemination of Forecast Interdisciplinary : Strategic decision making Phone & SMS, Website, Direct contact, Self help group Monthly farmers participative meeting to disseminate the information, to train the farmers on using the information for farm decision making and to collect feed back Interdisciplinary : Strategic decision making Phone, Direct contact, Self help group Interdisciplinary : Strategic decision making Phone & Website, direct contact Kind of information reuired Rainfall : Probability of Exceedence- Dry spell, wet spell Monsoon breaks Onset and withdrawal of monsoon Temperature : Cold waves and Hot waves