GSM TOWARDS LTE NETWORKS Lecture # 5

MOBILE TRAFFIC VOICE AND DATA Source: Internal Ericsson DVB-H, Mobile WiMax, M2M and WiFi traffic not included This slide contains forward looking statements Exabyte = Giga Giga Byte

THE 3G VISION Global Seamless Roaming Common Worldwide Spectrum Multiple Radio Environments Wide Range of Services -Voice & Data Equally Flexible, Spectrum Efficient Technologies Wireless - Wireline Integration Enhanced Security and Performance Wireline Services and Quality Levels Rapid Introduction of New Technology

3G VISION - APPLICATION Application  Multimedia Message Service (MMS)   Video phone  Video streaming  Any service from the Internet

3G VAS APPLICATIONS  Video SMS  Video Portal  Mobile TV  Video IVR  Video CRBT  Mobile Video Marketing  YouTube upload  Video conferencing  Video greeting  Dial TV service  3G Music Station with full track song download  Video Contact Center

2G TOWARDS 3G Higher data bandwidth requirement  Anticipated subscriber demand for  Audio/Video streaming  Other multimedia services  Collaborative services  Location services

3G - PRINCIPLE REQUIREMENT Support for voice quality comparable with fixed line networks Support for both circuit-switched and packet-switched data services Support for greater capacity and improved spectrum efficiency

3G–PRINCIPAL REQUIREMENT A data rate of 144 kb/s for users moving quickly e.g. moving vehicles A data rate of 384 kb/s for pedestrians A data rate of 2 Mb/s in a low mobility or office environment. Note how a network using GPRS and EDGE meets most of these criteria!

Example: 3G SERVICES (UMTS) Universal Mobile Telephone System (UMTS)  Four QoS classes of services Conversational Class  Voice, video telephony,video gaming Streaming Class  multimedia, video on demand, webcast Interactive Class  WWW browsing, database access, online gaming Background Class  , SMS, file downloading

2.5 GPRS VOICE / data ARCHITECTURE Voice Calls Path Data Calls Path Packet Data14.4 Kp/s

3G NETWORK GGSN IP networks SGSN Iu Gb 2G3G BSC BTS RNC Node B HLR/HSS Gr Gi LTE/SAE Architecture Iur Only PS Domain shown Gn

HSPA (High Speed Packet Access) GGSN IP networks SGSN Iu CP Gb 2G3G BSC BTS RNC Node B HLR/HSS PCRF Iu UP Gr Gi LTE/SAE Architecture Iur Gx Only PS Domain shown Gn Optimizing the 3G/HSPA payload plane for Broadband traffic Release 7 ”Direct Tunnel”

STEPS TOWARDS 3G 1- Backbone Roll Out (Packet Network) All the backend traffic transfer on IP (Packets) /Passport/ATM/MPBN 2- Data Network 3- Core Network 4- RAN Network

1-BACKBONE ROLL OUT (Packet Network ) Migration Steps

2-DATA NETWORK MIGRATION

2nd GENERATION NETWORK

3 rd GENERATION NETWORK

2G & 3G NETWORK

TOWARDS IP NETWORK

3-CORE NETWORK MIGRATION Classic MSC (Control and Switching) Classical MSC Architecture (old name: Non-Layered Mobile Core Network/ ’Monolitic’ Architecture) TDM MSC MSC Server (Control) Mobile Media Gateway (Switching) Mobile Softswitch Solution (old name: Layered Mobile Core Network Architecture) IP/ATM/TDM Control Layer MSC-SMGwMSC-SMGw

INCREMENTAL MIGRATION In Pakistan, Most operators have incrementally Migrated. Two strategies have been adapted GPRS adapted by Warid Telecom. EDGE adapted by Ufone.

MOBILE SOFT SWITCH SOLUTION FOR 3G CORE NETWORK One of the most efficient way to upgrade for 3G core networks. Layered architecture for ease MSS is only for Mobile core networks

LAYERED ARCHITECTURE The benefit of layered architecture is from research and development purpose. In communication there are two main recourses i.e. controlling and connectivity.

MSS LAYERS 1.Control Layer 2.Connectivity Laye 3.Application Layer

CONTROL LAYER This layer is refer to the logical layer as it performs logical operations of the MSS this node provides the analysis and control functions required for circuit switched traffic and using standardized signaling controlling the allocation of required resources in the connectivity layer

CONNECTIVITY LAYER This layer is based on ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) and IP protocols. Providing end-to-end connection throughout the core network. This layer provide standard interfaces for the connectivity with other legace networks.

APPLICATION LAYER In this layer all the application are added and managed. Like if Warid want to provide CBRT (Caller Back Ring Tone) service then it add server that provide this service to the user in the application layer. Recourses of such servers are controlled by MSC-S.

MSS ARCHITECTURE

MSS NODES 1. MSC-S (Mobile Switching Server) 2. M-MGW (Mobile Media Gateway)

MSC-SERVER MSC-S is the control layer device of the 3G network. It contains all call and control service logic such as: ѣ Charging analysis ѣ Bearer selection ѣ Route analysis ѣ Media Gate way selection

MSC-SERVER It provides efficient and centralized control of the distributed switching provided by the Mobile Media Gateway (M-MGw), ensuring flexible, cost-effective network design, and a smooth evolution to an all-IP core network.

MSC-SERVER MSC-S Data Base nodes Other MSC-S M-MGW Radio Sites

M-MGW M-MGW is the connectivity layer device. M-MGW connects the MSS core network with the external networks such as WCDMA and GSM radio access networks, PSTN networks, PABXs, IMS/VoIP network, or other mobile networks. This node controlled by MSC-S.

SIGNALING AND PROTOCOLS MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1M-MGW 2 RNC BSC PSTN/ISDN/PL MN BICC / MAP BSSAP ISUP SIP GCP RANAP Data Base Nodes MAP

INTERFACE & PROTOCOLS MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1M-MGW 2 RNC BSC PSTN/ISDN/PLMN Nb A Lu CS Control Plane User Plane Nc Mc POI

3G CALL SETUP

Call Setup Scenario : Subscriber “A” is a calling party from PTML and Subscriber “B” is called party that is related to PSTN

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 1. SETUP

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 2. RNC send SETUP message to MSC-S

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 3. SEIZE RESOURCES

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 4. M-MGW reply by ACK message

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 5. MSC-S inform RNC that call is in progress by CALL PROCESSED message

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 6. MSC-S send ASSIGNMENT message

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 7. RNC send ERQ message to selected M-MGW

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 8. M-MGW setup virtual connection with RNC and reply by ECF message

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 9. RNC send ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE message

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 10.MSC-S 1 send IAM message to MSC-S 2

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 11.T-Server send SEIZE RESOURCE message to selected M-MGW

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 12. M-MGW send reply by ACK

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 13. T-Server forward IAM to terminating end i.e. PSTN

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 14. PSTN reply by ACM

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 15. T-Server forward ACM to MSC-S

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 16. MSC-S order M-MGW to through connection back to party “A”

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 17. MSC-S alert party “A” by sending ring back tone and party “B” by ring tone

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 18. As “B” party answer the call and send ANM to T-Server

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 19. T-Server inform ANM to MSC-S

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 20. MSC-S order to through both way speech path

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 21. MSC-S order to RNC to connect call to traffic channel by CONNECT message

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 22. RNC send ACK

MSC Server 1 T-MSC Server 1 M-MGW 1 M-MGW 2 RNC BS PSTN/ISDN/PLM N IP 23. The UMTS call path has been established

GSM Toward LTE Networks

LTE/SAE Architecture Product dimension PDN GW Serving GW MME S1-MME S1-U LTE IP networks eNodeB SGSN Iu CP Gb 2G3G S3 BSC BTS RNC Node B HLR/HSS PCRF Iu UP S11 Gr S10 S6a SGi LTE/SAE Architecture X2 Iur S7 Non-3GPP access S2a/b S4 PDN GW Serving GW ”Gateway” MMESGSN ”Mobility Server” PCRF HLR/HSS ”HLR/HSS” EPC eNode B RBS OSS PA/DU Core & IMS PA/DU Radio

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