The Thirteen English Colonies, 1630–1750 The American Nation Chapter 4 – Section 3 The Southern Colonies The Thirteen English Colonies, 1630–1750 Copyright © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

What geographical features would make life different in the Southern Colonies than in the New England Colonies or Middle Colonies?

Create a Matrix Chart for Key Terms Key Term/ Person Definition Clue/Example/Sentence

Defining Key Terms and People Key People Mason-Dixon Line Act of Toleration Bacon's Rebellion Indigo Debtor Slave code Racism Tidewater Plantation Middle Passage George C. Calvert James Oglethorpe Cecil Calvert – Lord Baltimore Complete puzzle to check you answers.

Why was Maryland important to Roman Catholics? The Southern Colonies Chapter 4, Section 3 Objectives to learn: Why was Maryland important to Roman Catholics? How were the Carolinas and Georgia founded? What two ways of life developed in the Southern Colonies? Why did the slave trade grow in the 1700s?

Create a Notes Sheet 4-3 – Southern Colonies Questions to Answer Answers to Questions Why was important to Roman Catholics? My Answers: Additional Information from Class: How were the Carolinas and founded? What two ways of life developed in the Southern Colonies? Why did the slave trade grow in the 1700s?

I. Maryland Was Important to Roman Catholics Chapter 4, Section 3 1632—Sir George Calvert, a Roman Catholic asked King Charles I for a colony in the Americas for Catholics. 1. Calvert named the colony Maryland after the King’s wife. 2. Calvert died, so his son, Lord Baltimore, took over. 1634—Settlers arrived in Maryland. Lord Baltimore appointed a governor and council of advisers, but he let colonists elect an assembly. To have people settle the colony, Lord Baltimore gave generous land grants. Maryland promoted religious tolerance = 1649—Lord Baltimore asked the assembly to pass an Act of Toleration, a law that provided religious freedom for all Christians.

Read Maryland’s Act of Toleration Summary – Answer: How does the Act of Toleration affect Maryland and other colonies?

The Establishment of Maryland (4:11) What was life like in Maryland?

Maryland – A Colony of Toleration (2:20) What was life like in Maryland? What power did women have in Maryland?

Summarize: Bacon’s Rebellion What Happened? Why is it Important?

II. Bacon’s Rebellion Chapter 4, Section 3 Settlers arrived in Virginia expecting profits from planting tobacco. Wealthy planters already had the best lands near the coast, so newcomers were pushed farther inland, onto Indian lands. Settlers and Indians clashed. Settlers asked the governor for help. He wouldn’t act. In 1676, Nathaniel Bacon organized angry frontier planters who raided Native American villages and burned Jamestown. The revolt soon ended when Bacon died suddenly.

III. The Carolinas Are Founded Chapter 4, Section 3 A. North Carolina - 1712 Settlers were poor tobacco farmers from Virginia They lived on small farms B. South Carolina - 1719 Established by 8 English nobles Largest settlement was Charles Town (Charleston) English settlers from Barbados Grew rice and indigo = a plant used to make blue dye Labor force was enslaved Africans

Summarize the differences in life in North Carolina verses South Carolina on the Venn Diagram while watching the videos

The Colony of North Carolina (3:49)

The Colony of South Carolina (3:49)

B. First settlement was Savannah C. Strict rules IV. Founding of Georgia A. 1732 – Founded by James Oglethorpe to give English debtors (people who owed money they could not pay back) a fresh start. B. First settlement was Savannah C. Strict rules

The Colony of Georgia (6:57) What was life like in colonial Georgia?

V. Two Ways of Life in the Southern Colonies Chapter 4, Section 3 Land Farms Crops Slavery Tidewater Plantations Backcountry coastal plain, many rivers rolling hills, thick forests large plantations small farms tobacco, rice, indigo tobacco, garden crops Enslaved Africans tended Tidewater plantations Few enslaved Africans worked backcountry farms.

Summarize Two Ways of Life in the Southern Colonies on the Venn Diagram

Plantation Life (2:20)

Layout of the Plantation (2:11)

Life in the Backcountry (3:12)

VI. Why the Slave Trade Grew in the 1700s Chapter 4, Section 3 1619 1600s Early 1700s 1700s First enslaved Africans arrived in Virginia. Some Africans remained enslaved, some were servants, a few were free. Carolina plantations needed large numbers of workers. The planters came to rely on slave labor. Slave ships carried millions of enslaved Africans west across the Atlantic. Colonists enacted slave codes. Many colonists displayed racism, though a few spoke out against slavery. Middle Passage – passage of slave-trading ships from Africa to the United States across the Atlantic Ocean slave codes—laws that set out rules for slaves’ behavior; treated enslaved Africans as property racism—the belief that one race is superior to another

How did the growth of the Slave Trade happen? (2:00)

On a Slave Ship on the Middle Passage THE AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE

Map of the Atlantic Slave Trade

Captured Africans being taken to forts on the west coast of Africa to await the Middle Passage

Slave Ships

Condition of Slave life in the New World Workday – 18 hours or more Everyone had an assigned task – Labor was organized by age, sex, and ability Received rewards for good work – best reward was to escape punishment Punishments – whipping, flogging, confinement in irons, mutilation Little time for recreation – singing No education Life expectancy – 23 yrs. for males; 25 yrs. for females – greatest killer was disease

Slaves in the New World Conditions were much worse in Central America

Height of Slave Trade 1700s – 60,000 Africans a year – reached its height in 1780 with the European demand for sugar

The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade (1:00) What was life like for slaves?

The Middle Passage and Slaves in the Colonies (2:25) What was life like for slaves?

The Slave Trade in the Colonies (3:19) What was life like for slaves?

Life on the Plantation for Slaves (2:02) What was life like for slaves on the plantation?

Exit Ticket Locate the region where life centered around large tobacco and rice plantations. A. The New England Colonies B. The Middle Colonies C. The Southern Colonies D. The Western Colonies  

Section 3 Assessment The Southern Colonies were especially known for Chapter 4, Section 3 The Southern Colonies were especially known for a) shipbuilding. b) fishing and whaling. c) iron. d) rice and tobacco. One reason why the slave trade grew was that a) plantations needed large numbers of workers. b) so many slaves died during the voyage. c) colonists were defying the Quakers who spoke out against it. d) sparsely populated colonies like Georgia needed more people. Want to connect to the American History link for this section? Click here.

Section 3 Assessment The Southern Colonies were especially known for Chapter 4, Section 3 The Southern Colonies were especially known for a) shipbuilding. b) fishing and whaling. c) iron. d) rice and tobacco. One reason why the slave trade grew was that a) plantations needed large numbers of workers. b) so many slaves died during the voyage. c) colonists were defying the Quakers who spoke out against it. d) sparsely populated colonies like Georgia needed more people. Want to connect to the American History link for this section? Click here.