1 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CCNA 1 v3.1 Module 5 Cabling LANs and WANs

222 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Objectives

333 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. LAN and Physical Layer

444 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. LAN Cabling Identify characteristics of Ethernet networks. Identify straight-through, crossover, and rollover cables. Describe the function, advantages, and disadvantages of repeaters, hubs, bridges, switches, and wireless network components. Describe the function of peer-to-peer networks. Describe the function, advantages, and disadvantages of client-server networks.

555 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Media Media is layer 1 Various types exist Advantages/ Disadvantages Length Installaion Cost Interference

666 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. LAN and Physical Layer

777 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Ethernet Developed by Digital, Interl and Xeros (DIX) Later build upon by IEEE Faster Ethernet and Gigagbit Ethernet created

888 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Ethernet in the Campus

999 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Ethernet uses Ethernet Legacy implementations, low cost expansion of network segments. Connection to WAN/ LAN Extension Systems FastEthernet Desktop connectivity Gigabit Ethernet Inter switch connectivity, Server connectivity

10 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Ethernet Media and Connector Requirements

11 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Ethernet Media and Connector Requirements

12 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Connection Media

13 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. UTP Implementation

14 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. UTP Implementation

15 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. UTP Implementation

16 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. UTP Implementation

17 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. UTP Implementation

18 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. UTP Implementation

19 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. UTP Implementation

20 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Repeaters

21 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Repeaters The Four Repeater Rule for 10-Mbps Ethernet should be used as a standard when extending LAN segments. This rule states that no more than four repeaters can be used between hosts on a LAN. This rule is used to limit latency added to frame travel by each repeater. Too much latency on the LAN increases the number of late collisions and makes the LAN less efficient.

22 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Hubs

23 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Wireless

24 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Wireless Two approaches currently being used to implement spread spectrum for WLAN transmissions are Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) and Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS). Note not covered in this course

25 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Bridges

26 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Switches

27 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Switches

28 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Switches

29 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Host Connectivity

30 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Host Connectivity

31 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Peer-to-Peer In a peer-to-peer network, networked computers act as equal partners, or peers. Each computer can take on the client function or the server function. there is no central point of control or administration in the network

32 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Peer-to-Peer

33 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Client/Server

34 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Client/ Server As networks grow, peer-to-peer relationships become increasingly difficult to coordinate. A peer-to-peer network works well with 10 or fewer computers. In a client/server arrangement, network services are located on a dedicated computer called a server. The server responds to the requests of clients.

35 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Client/Server

36 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. WAN Physical Layer

37 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. WAN Cabling Describe and differentiate between serial, Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), digital subscriber line (DSL), and cable modem WAN connections. Identify router serial ports, cables, and connectors. Identify and describe the placement of equipment used in various WAN configurations.

38 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. WAN connections Serial connections are used to support WAN services such as dedicated leased lines that run Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) or Frame Relay. The speed of these connections ranges from 2400 bits per second (bps) to T1 service at megabits per second (Mbps) and E1 service at megabits per seconds (Mbps).

39 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. WAN Serial Connections

40 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. WAN Serial Connections

41 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. DCE/DTE The DTE is the endpoint of the user’s device on the WAN link. The DCE is typically the point where responsibility for delivering data passes into the hands of the service provider. DCE provide a clockrate

42 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Routers and Serial Connections

43 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Routers and Serial Connections

44 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Routers and Serial Connections

45 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Routers and Serial Connections

46 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ISDN ISDN offers dial-on-demand connections or dial backup services. An ISDN Basic Rate Interface (BRI) is composed of two 64 kbps bearer channels (B channels) for data, and one delta channel (D channel) at 16 kbps used for signaling and other link- management tasks. PPP is typically used to carry data over the B channels.

47 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ISDN With ISDN BRI, two types of interfaces may be used, BRI S/T and BRI U. Determine who is providing the Network Termination 1 (NT1) device in order to determine which interface type is needed. An NT1 is an intermediate device located between the router and the service provider ISDN switch.

48 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Routers and ISDN BRI Connections

49 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Routers and DSL Connections

50 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. NT An NT1 is an intermediate device located between the router and the service provider ISDN switch. The NT1 is used to connect four-wire subscriber wiring to the conventional two-wire local loop. In North America, the customer typically provides the NT1, while in the rest of the world the service provider provides the NT1 device.

51 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. BRI Reference Points

52 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Summary