PRESENTATION TOPIC :- Touch screen technology WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN PRESENTATION TOPIC :- Touch screen technology

Points of Discussion Introduction History Working Process Technologies Applications Advantages & Disadvantages Conclusion References WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN

Introduction: A touch screen is an electronic visual display that can detect the presence and location of a touch within the display area. Touch screens can sense Finger and other passive objects, such as a stylus. However, if the objects sensed is active, as with a light pen. WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN

History: In 1971 Dr. Sam Hurst, founder of Elographics developed the first touch opaque sensor “Elograph” at the University of Kentucky. In 1974 He developed the first real touch screen. In 1977, Elographics developed the five-wire resistive technology then with the backing of Siemens Corporation, developed a curved glass sensor called the Touch screen. The new transparent technology, AccuTouch, was later developed by the founders of Elographics, Dr. Hurst and Bill Colwell. Now days, Multipoint touchscreen facilitates the tracking of more than one finger on the screen. WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN

How Does a Touchscreen Work? 1. Touch Sensor 2. Controller 3. Software Driver WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN

1. Touchsensor: WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN

2. Controller: WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN The controller is a small PC card that connects between the touch sensor and the PC. It takes information from the touch sensor and translates it into information that PC can understand.

3. Software Driver: WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN The driver is a software that allows the touch screen and computer to work together. It tells the operating system how to interpret the touch event information that is sent from the controller.

Technologies: 1. Resistive 2. Infrared 3. Capacitive 4. Surface acoustic wave WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN

1.Resistive: Two layers of conductive material Touch creates contact between resistive layers completing circuit Voltage in circuit changes based on position Controller determines location based on voltages Any material can trigger sensors WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN

2.Infrared: Uses infrared LEDs and matching photodetectors Touching screen interrupts LEDs Cameras detect reflected LED caused by touch Controller able to calculate coordinates from camera data WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN

3.Capacitive: Glass panel with conductive layer (Indium Tin Oxide) Small amount of voltage applied to four corners of touch screen Touch draws minute amount of current creating voltage drop Coordinates of point of contact calculated by controller WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN

4. Surface acoustic wave: Surface consists of glass overlay with transmitting and receiving transducers Electrical signals sent to the transmitting transducers converts to ultrasonic waves Waves are directed across screen by reflectors then directed to receiving transducers Received values are compared to stored digital maps to calculate x and y coordinates WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN

Applications: Many games use the touchscreens as a primary controlling device. The popularity of smart phones, ATMs, and many types of information appliances is driving the demand for touchscreens. Touchscreens are popular in heavy industry and in other situations, such as museum displays or room automation. Casino and other gaming systems Computer access for the physically disabled Point-of-sale terminals Restaurant systems Employee time clocks WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN

Advantages: Disadvantages: Mostly used in manufacturing and medical applications since it can be completely sealed. Operated using a stylus or a gloved finger. Mechanically stronger Clearer More wear resistant WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN Disadvantages: It is very sensitive and can be activated by stray touches. Low resolution Parallax problems

Conclusion: Designers are trying to use touch screen to simplify input commands Today , touch screen has becomes adopted by computers users of all abilities because it is simple, fast and innovative. In future there is no usage of mouse and keyboards as they will be replaced by touch screen. WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN

References: www.engineersgarage.com www.nptel.iitk.ac.in www.google.co.in www.wikipedia.com www.touchscreensolutions.com.au www.norteng.com WWW.ENGINEERSPORTAL.IN

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