The Civil War - Contributing Factors What were the main factors that contributed to the start of the Civil War?

The Democratic Party’s (est. by Andrew Jackson, 1824) basic ideas: -Government should serve the “Common People” -Voting rights extended to non- property owners -Still just white males

What did the principle of “states’ rights” mean for the South?  It illustrated conflict b/t North and South  North wanted to add tariffs to Southern goods  State power should be ultimate power (popular Southern view)

What was the Missouri Compromise of 1820 about?  Admission of Missouri as 23rd state upset balance of 11 free states and 11 slave states  Compromise admitted Missouri as slave state and Maine as free state  Drew line at ’- prohibited slavery above this line mapmap

What was the Indian Removal Act of 1830 about?  Cherokee & Choctaw populations (18,000) were removed, forcibly, to western land-1838  “Trail of Tears”- 1/4 of people died-linklink  3,000 Seminoles killed in Florida

Industrial Revolution’s Impact on America?  Industrial technologies created economic advantages (harnessing of “Promethean” growth) pic pic  Urban centers in north (Chicago, Detroit, NY) contained many factories and industries  South was largely agricultural

Who were Nativists?  “Whites” who opposed immigrants who might compete with them for jobs  Gangs of New York imageimage

What was the “Transportation Revolution” and what was its impact?  Steam powered engines for trains and boats, mapmap  Cut transportation costs by 75%  By 1860, 30,000 miles of railroad track

Impact of the Cotton Gin?  Invented in 1793-increased production  By 1860, cotton was leading export product  “Cotton Kingdom” formed  South relied heavily on institution of slavery  1/3 of Southern whites claimed ownership of those enslaved  “Cotton Gin” increased demand for enslavement

What was the impact of Nat Turner’s Rebellion?  About 60 Whites killed  Over 100 slaves killed  All states North and South strengthened slave codes- linklink

Abolitionist Leaders?  Those who opposed the institution of slavery  Arguments based moral and religious grounds  Helped establish “underground railroad”-  Elijah Lovejoy, Frederick Douglass,William Lloyd Garrison, and Angelina and Sarah Grimke Harriet Tubman  Underground Railroad Underground Railroad

Why was the Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 important?  Declaration of Sentiments - proclaimed “Women’s Rights” - linklink  First nationally organized effort in world  Rights of women - equal rights, equal pay, education, property rights, and right to vote.

What was the Temperance Movement of 1855 about? Who led it?  Movement to convince people of “evils” of alcohol  Consumption should be limited or stopped  Members were mostly women (white, middle class, and religious)  Carrie Nation Carrie Nation

What was “Manifest Destiny” about?  Idea that settlers have rights to inhabit this nation, “from sea to shining sea”  Authority granted by “God”- Gast PaintingGast Painting

What was the Mexican War about? Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?  Dispute over territory in South (Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona)  Turf war b/t US troops and Mexican  map map

Impact of the California Gold Rush?  Mad dash for gold out west  Brought prospectors, merchants, and RR lines  Many Chinese-American came to build RR lines  Miners Miners

What did the Compromise of 1850 resolve?  Temporary resolution to question of new territories as states (Slave or Free?)  Map Map

What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 attempt to resolve?  map map

Historical significance of Dred Scott Decision?  Question of citizen’s rights for those African- Americans formerly enslaved  Decision Decision

What were the Confederate States of America?  secede.gif secede.gif

Essay Quiz (20pts for complete, concise, and well-reasoned answers of one to two pages)  Use three to five historical examples to construct a convincing argument that answers our original question about the Civil War - What were the main factors that contributed to the start of the Civil War?  Possible examples: “States Rights”, Missouri Compromise, Industrial Revolution, Transportation Revolution, Cotton Gin, Nat Turner’s Rebellion, Tariffs, Institution of Slavery, Dred Scott Decision