Spanish Empire in America. Empire A group of states or countries under a single supreme authority.

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Presentation transcript:

Spanish Empire in America

Empire A group of states or countries under a single supreme authority

American Empire Divided The Spanish Empire in America was divided into two section- New Spain and Peru Included West Indies

Governing the Empire King Charles V, the King of Spain sets up the colonial government Catholic Opposed Protestant Reformation Oversaw Spanish colonization of Americas “Divine calling to preserve Catholicism”

The Laws of the Indies Laws from Spain that regulated social, political, and economic life in the colonies Created laws on how natives should be dealt with Outline for city planning

Laws of the Indies Continued Three Types of Settlements set up under the laws Pueblos-small town with courtyard Presidios- military forts and protection Missions- religious settlements

Who Controlled the Colonies? Viceroys (governors) controlled an area for the king. Each region of the empire had a viceroy Instituted laws, collected taxes Had trouble enforcing every little detail

Social Classes within the Empire: The Casta System according to the Laws of the Indies Peninsulares: Born in, and sent by Spain to run the colonies Only they, could hold top positions in government and Catholic Church Large land holders

Social Classes within the Empire: The Casta System according to the Laws of the Indies Creoles: Spanish descendants born in America Below peninsulares in the social ladder Well-off Ranchers, bankers, owned plantations Resented the peninsulares

Social Classes within the Empire: The Casta System according to the Laws of the Indies Mestizos: Mixed Spanish and Indian background. Worked on farms and ranches owned by creoles

Tragedy for Native Americans Taxed and worked heavily Encomienda: Spanish soldier or colonist was granted a tract of land or a village together with its Indian inhabitants.

Encomienda Continued

Tragedy for Natives Continued Made to be slaves Worked in mines Worked on plantations

Tragedy for Natives Continued Death from new diseases introduced by Europeans

Death From Diseases

Slaves Imported From Africa Imported: Brought in Exported: Sent out First slaves imported from Africa were brought by the Spanish to do hard labor and replace dying Native Americans

Spanish Culture in New World Introduced new language, laws, religion, learning Hurricane, tobacco, canoe (words than came to Spanish from Indians) Built cities on old foundations of Aztecs Used missionaries to spread religion Set up many schools and universities