The EU : three pillars
Before the EU Foundation: Schuman 9/5/50 ECSC EDC EEC :HOPE: benign, Hallstein, CAP, 1965,1968 Customs Union, British Veto 1963/1967,The Hague :STAGNATION:1973 Yom Kippur, : Renewed dynamism, SEA Maastricht
1990s Maastricht Enlargement Euro Reform……
Structure of EU Origins – always political TEU – Maastricht (1991) Amsterdam Nice IGCs Constitution or reform or….. May 2005 French No June Dutch No On not Of Pillars : 3 or 3½ or 4?
EU Different systems EEC – Economic - Customs Union,SEA,CAP,CCP,Competition, Development,EMU,Fisheries, Regional Policy,Energy,Environment,Transport Acquis communautaire Role of Commission, Council,EP & ECJ
Laws EU A regulation shall have general application. It shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States. A directive shall be binding, as to the result to be achieved, upon each Member State to which it is addressed, but shall leave to the national authorities the choice of form and methods. A decision shall be binding in its entirety upon those to whom it is addressed. Recommendations and opinions shall have no binding force.
CFSP Commission,EP and ECJ cf Council // NOT LEGAL INTERGOVERNMENTAL PRESIDENCY COMMITMENT NO ART. V OBJECTIVES
STRATEGIES/JOINT ACTIONS/COMMON POSITIONS OPERATIONAL MILITARY CAPABILITY? ESDP Helsinki Petersberg Tasks
WHY PROBLEMATICAL? SENSITIVE UNPREDICTABILITY DIVERGENCIES HISTORY GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC VISIONS HETEROGENEITY
JHA