Pay Equity between men and women: myth or reality? Breaking through the glass ceiling: Women in Management Linda Wirth

Breaking through the glass ceiling Glass ceiling: invisible artificial barriers that block women from senior executive jobs Women are still concentrated in the most precarious forms of work throughout the world and breaking through the glass ceiling still appears elusive for a select few

Figures to highlight the lack of women in executive jobs Women hold 1 to 3% of top executive jobs in the largest corporations worldwide Only 13.4% of the worlds parliamentarians are women Only 1% of trade union leaders are women, though women are almost 40% of their membership globally

Pay gaps in Management Rates of pay are becoming more similar However, different salary packages are offered, which provide different fringe benefits UK in 1998: 15% difference between the average female and male manager At the director level the gender gap was even greater at 42%

However … women entrepreneurs are growing Supporting women to become entrepreneurs may well be a key strategy for reducing gender inequalities in the 21 st century By 1999, 38% of all firms in the US were run be women In Ireland – 35 – 40% of new businesses are owned by women