The United Kingdom Party System:

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Presentation transcript:

The United Kingdom Party System: ‘The myth of the United Kingdom’s Two-Party System.’

Introduction (a) Electoral and Legislative Party System (b) Sartori’s Definition of a Two-Party System Development of the Party System (a) Early Stages (b) Emergence of Multi-Party System (c) Development of Two-Party System Recent Party System 4. Summary and Conclusion

1 Introduction

Sartori’s Definition of a Two-Party System We have a two-party system whenever the existence of other parties does not prevent either of the two major parties from governing alone And…….

The margin between the two major parties is close enough so that the party in opposition has a chance to oust the governing party

Two Aspects The Electoral Party System The Legislative Party System

2 Development of the Party System

(a) Early Stages ‘Ins’ and ‘Outs’ (pre-1832) Two-Party System (1832-1886)

(b) Emergence of Multi-Party System 1886-1918 Conservatives Liberals The Irish Nationalists The Liberal Unionists Crofters The Labour Party

Parties 1892 Conservatives 268 Liberals 268 Irish Nationalists 81 Liberal Unionists 47 Crofters 5 Ind Labour 1

Not Two-Party but Bi-Polar Left Pole Liberals Labour Irish Nationalists Right Pole Conservatives Liberal Unionists

(c)Moves Toward Two-Party System post 1918 Consequence of Irish Independence Decline of the Liberals but….

... Labour needed Liberals to form governments, 1924 & 1929-31 Dominant Party System emerged in the 1930s (1935 Conservatives 432, Labour 154, Liberals 21)

(d) Two-Party System, 1945-1974 Weakness of Regional/National Divisions Few Socio-Political Cleavages The Electoral System

3 Recent Party System

Features Assertion of National Particularisms Weakening of Class-Based Politics Crises in the Labour and Conservative Parties

2005 General Election Ind (Lab) 1 Labour 356* Con. 198 Ulster U 1 Lib/Dem 62 SNP 6 Plaid Cymru 3 Kidmster Hsp 1 Respect 1 Ind (Lab) 1 Ulster U 1 Democratic U 9 SDLP 3 Sinn Fein 5 *Inc. Speaker (see slide) .

Complications in Elections Electors have a choice of a number parties. U.K. Independence (496) Green Party (183) British National Party (119) Veritas (66) Scottish Socialist Party (58) Socialist Labour Party (50) Respect (26); Legalist Cannabis Alliance (21); Mebyon Kernow (4); Official Monster Raving Loony (20); Remove Tetra Masts in Cornwall (1) Note there are numerous other parties, though they are not represented. Parties such as UK Independence could damage the Conservatives in marginal seats. (A large asteroid rather than a planet) Most of them are stellar dust.

4 Summary & Conclusion

Territorial Axis Sinn Fein SNP SDLP Economic Axis Liberals Labour Conservative Ulster Unionists UKIP

Concluding Points The System is NOT Two-Party The System is Unstable Future Developments Unpredictable