Economy of Mali

INTRODUCTION Economy is based on agriculture Among the poorest countries of the world. The per capita income was $820 in 1999 The potential wealth lies in mining, production of agricultural commodities, adding value to agricultural commodities, livestock, and fish.

AGRICULTURE 70% of Mali's labor force provides 42% of the GDP Cotton and livestock make up 75%-80% of Mali's annual exports Small-scale traditional farming dominates the agricultural sector

AGRICULTURE Most productive agricultural area lies along the banks of the Niger river and extends south to the borders of Guinea, I.C. and B.F. Average rainfall varies in this region from 0.5 m per year (20 in) around Mopti to 1.4 m (55 in) in the south near Sikasso

Rice AGRICULTURE Grown extensively along banks of the Niger River between Segou and Mopti (600 km) About one-third of Mali's paddy rice is produced along the Niger River Less than 10% of the land along the Niger River is under irrigation

AGRICULTURE Dry cereals, legumes, fruits, and vegetables are planted extensively in most parts of the country Cotton Mainstay of the economy, cotton is produced in the southern and western parts of Mali

AGRICULTURE Cotton is not anymore the wealth and happiness of Malian farmers Why? US, China, and UE farmers’ subsidies

AGRICULTURE Stopping subsidies will generate more than $55 million per year to Mali, higher than the total value of the United States’ assistance to Mali

Livestock Approximately 40% of Mali's herds were lost during the great drought in The level is gradually being restored Overall size of Mali's herd is not expected to reach pre-drought levels Consists of millions of cattle, sheep, and goats

AGRICULTURE Due to drought and diversion of river water for agriculture, fish production has suffered since the early 1980’s Lack equipment is another major constraint Since economic restructuring with the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, fertilizer and equipment are not available to farmers from the Central Government

FISHING The Niger River is an important source of fish, providing food for riverside communities Surplus smoked, salted, and dried-fish are exported

MINING Gold accounts for some 80% of mining activity. Gold has become Mali's third-largest export, after cotton and livestock Considerable proven reserves of other minerals are not currently being exploited

MANUFACTURING Consists principally of processed agricultural products FOREIGN AID Mali is one of the major recipients of foreign aid

Potentialities of the Malian economy Arable land: 437,000 km 2 (of which only 28,000 km 2 are presently cultivated) Niger River (4,200 km long of which 1,780 km flow in Mali) Irrigable agricultural land: 2,200,000 hectares (only 242,298 hectares are irrigated) Senegal River (1,790 km of which 700 km flow in Mali).

Livestock: largest producer in the sub- Saharan region Cotton: largest producer and exporter in west Africa Fruits and vegetables: mangos, beans, onions, potatoes, tomatoes, shallots Potentialities

Gold and other mining/extraction Renewable energies: solar, wind, hydroelectric Petroleum (crude oil): presently in intense exploration in the north of the country Potentialities Existence of a free market

CONCLUSION Develop renewable energy sources Set highest priority for agriculture and provide more investment and more diversity Increase added value of agricultural products to earn more foreign exchange Improve the literacy level of mal and female farmers and women everywhere

Any Questions? THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME! Kambufu, Keriba Coulibaly